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A woodcut full-body portrait of either Martin Luther or Michael Stifel dressed in the garb of an Augustinian monk and holding a book.

A woodcut full-body portrait of either Martin Luther or Michael Stifel dressed in the garb of an Augustinian monk and holding a book.

A woodcut full-body portrait of a figure, possibly of Martin Luther, dressed in the garb of an Augustinian monk and holding a book.

A woodcut full-body portrait of a figure, possibly of Martin Luther, dressed in the garb of an Augustinian monk and holding a book.

A woodcut full-body portrait of either Martin Luther or Michael Stifel dressed in the garb of an Augustinian monk and holding a book. Surrounding the monk is a separate woodcut border featuring cherubs and Wild Men in trees and the coat of arms of the Holy Roman Empire at the bottom.

A woodcut full-body portrait of either Martin Luther or Michael Stifel dressed in the garb of an Augustinian monk and holding a book. Surrounding the monk is a separate woodcut border featuring cherubs and Wild Men in trees and the coat of arms of the Holy Roman Empire at the bottom.

Summary: First printing of the first edition of Hutten's edition of the papal bull Exsurge Domine, which condemns as heretical 41 statements by Martin Luther and offers Luther 60 days to recant. Hutten issued the bull with the papal coat of arms on the title page, and offers his own glosses, introduction, and call to Leo to keep his bulls to himself, and not to bother the German Protestants any longer.

Summary: First printing of the first edition of Hutten's edition of the papal bull Exsurge Domine, which condemns as heretical 41 statements by Martin Luther and offers Luther 60 days to recant. Hutten issued the bull with the papal coat of arms on the title page, and offers his own glosses, introduction, and call to Leo to keep his bulls to himself, and not to bother the German Protestants any longer.

A woodcut depicting Jesus Christ teaching the apostles about the End Times as he gestures towards the heavens, where the sun, moon, and stars can be seen.

A woodcut depicting Jesus Christ teaching the apostles about the End Times as he gestures towards the heavens, where the sun, moon, and stars can be seen.

A woodcut depicting Jesus Christ riding into Jerusalem on a donkey, the apostles behind him, as a man lays his cloak on the road before him.

A woodcut depicting Jesus Christ riding into Jerusalem on a donkey, the apostles behind him, as a man lays his cloak on the road before him.

A woodcut depicting Jesus Christ praying in the Garden of Gethsemane while the apostles sleep around him.

A woodcut depicting Jesus Christ praying in the Garden of Gethsemane while the apostles sleep around him.

A woodcut border to a collection of Luther's sermons printed in 1523. The border is comprised of a single woodcut and depicts a forest filled with deer, lions, horses, a unicorn, and a pair of cherubs holding rabbits and a shield (bottom). At the top of the woodcut, a dove with a branch in its mouth sits above a pair of decorative dragons above a frame surrounding the title.

A woodcut border to a collection of Luther's sermons printed in 1523. The border is comprised of a single woodcut and depicts a forest filled with deer, lions, horses, a unicorn, and a pair of cherubs holding rabbits and a shield (bottom). At the top of the woodcut, a dove with a branch in its mouth sits above a pair of decorative dragons above a frame surrounding the title.

A woodcut border to a collection of Luther's sermons printed in 1523. The border is comprised of a single woodcut and depicts four scenes: two well dressed men appearing to be appealing to God (right), Jesus preaching to a group while behind him is a fourest full of sheep and chickens (bottom), pilgrims or worshipers climbing a path towards a church (left), and shadowy figures surrounding a kneeling man in a cloak (top).

A woodcut border to a collection of Luther's sermons printed in 1523. The border is comprised of a single woodcut and depicts four scenes: two well dressed men appearing to be appealing to God (right), Jesus preaching to a group while behind him is a fourest full of sheep and chickens (bottom), pilgrims or worshipers climbing a path towards a church (left), and shadowy figures surrounding a kneeling man in a cloak (top).

A woodcut initial letter "R" with a floral motif.

A woodcut initial letter "R" with a floral motif.

A woodcut depicting Jesus Christ with a halo of light.

A woodcut depicting Jesus Christ with a halo of light.

A woodcut portrait of Martin Luther dressed in the traditional garb of an Augustinian monk and holding a book, likely a Bible. This woodcut appears on the title page of the German translation of Luther's work De captivitate Babylonica ecclesiae praeludium.

A woodcut portrait of Martin Luther dressed in the traditional garb of an Augustinian monk and holding a book, likely a Bible. This woodcut appears on the title page of the German translation of Luther's work De captivitate Babylonica ecclesiae praeludium.

A woodcut portrait of Martin Luther dressed in the traditional garb of an Augustinian monk and holding a book, likely a Bible. This woodcut appears on the title page of Luther's work De captivitate Babylonica ecclesiae praeludium.

A woodcut portrait of Martin Luther dressed in the traditional garb of an Augustinian monk and holding a book, likely a Bible. This woodcut appears on the title page of Luther's work De captivitate Babylonica ecclesiae praeludium.

A woodcut full-body portrait of Martin Luther dressed in the garb of an Augustinian monk and holding a book.

A woodcut full-body portrait of Martin Luther dressed in the garb of an Augustinian monk and holding a book.

A woodcut portrait of Martin Luther dressed in the traditional garb of an Augustinian monk and holding a book, likely a Bible, with a dove above him, representing the Holy Spirit.

A woodcut portrait of Martin Luther dressed in the traditional garb of an Augustinian monk and holding a book, likely a Bible, with a dove above him, representing the Holy Spirit.

A woodcut portrait of Martin Luther dressed in the traditional garb of an Augustinian monk and holding a book, likely a Bible, with a dove above him, representing the Holy Spirit.

A woodcut portrait of Martin Luther dressed in the traditional garb of an Augustinian monk and holding a book, likely a Bible, with a dove above him, representing the Holy Spirit.

A woodcut portrait of Martin Luther dressed in the traditional garb of an Augustinian monk and holding a book, likely a Bible, with a dove above him, representing the Holy Spirit.

A woodcut portrait of Martin Luther dressed in the traditional garb of an Augustinian monk and holding a book, likely a Bible, with a dove above him, representing the Holy Spirit.

A woodcut portrait of Martin Luther dressed in the traditional garb of an Augustinian monk and holding a book, likely a Bible, with a dove above him, representing the Holy Spirit.

A woodcut portrait of Martin Luther dressed in the traditional garb of an Augustinian monk and holding a book, likely a Bible, with a dove above him, representing the Holy Spirit.

A woodcut portrait of Martin Luther dressed in the traditional garb of an Augustinian monk and holding a book, likely a Bible, with a dove above him, representing the Holy Spirit.

A woodcut portrait of Martin Luther dressed in the traditional garb of an Augustinian monk and holding a book, likely a Bible, with a dove above him, representing the Holy Spirit.

A set of three woodcuts: two medallion portraits of Erasmus Desidarius and Ulrich van Hutten and one medallion schematic caricature double portrait of Martin Luther and Philip Melanchthon.

A set of three woodcuts: two medallion portraits of Erasmus Desidarius and Ulrich van Hutten and one medallion schematic caricature double portrait of Martin Luther and Philip Melanchthon.

The title page of a printed version of the papal bull against Martin Luther featuring the papal arms of Leo X which incorporates the Medici family crest.

The title page of a printed version of the papal bull against Martin Luther featuring the papal arms of Leo X which incorporates the Medici family crest.