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A woodcut border on the title page of Luther's Von der Beicht, ob die der Papst Macht have zu gebieten printed in 1522. The border is composed of four woodcuts designed to create a single, cohesive design of decorative plants and a pair of cherubs.

A woodcut border on the title page of Luther's Von der Beicht, ob die der Papst Macht have zu gebieten printed in 1522. The border is composed of four woodcuts designed to create a single, cohesive design of decorative plants and a pair of cherubs.

A woodcut border on the title page of Luther's defense of his thirteenth proposition on the power of the Pope printed in 1519. The border depicts philosophers gathered around the Castalian spring, where historically the Delphi priestesses bathed before announcing their oracles, with the twin peaks of Mount Parnassus in the background. Along the sides and top of the border are a series of musicians playing flutes, harps, bagpipes, lutes, horns, and violins.

A woodcut border on the title page of Luther's defense of his thirteenth proposition on the power of the Pope printed in 1519. The border depicts philosophers gathered around the Castalian spring, where historically the Delphi priestesses bathed before announcing their oracles, with the twin peaks of Mount Parnassus in the background. Along the sides and top of the border are a series of musicians playing flutes, harps, bagpipes, lutes, horns, and violins.

A woodcut border on the title page of Luther's sermon on John 3 and God's love. The border is composed of a single woodcut and depicts a group of cherubs climbing trees and holding up a blank crest.

A woodcut border on the title page of Luther's sermon on John 3 and God's love. The border is composed of a single woodcut and depicts a group of cherubs climbing trees and holding up a blank crest.

A historiated woodcut border of the title page of Moriae encomium : nunc postremum ab ipso autore religiose recognitu[m] una cum alijs aliquot libellis, no[n] minus eruditis quam amoenis, quorum omniu[m] titulos proxima pagella loquetur. The border features the personifications of several deadly sins and cardinal virtues, including Pride, Greed, Justice, Prudence, and Hope. At the bottom of the border, the personified Fortuna rides a horse as a skeleton shoots a man with an arrow.

A historiated woodcut border of the title page of Moriae encomium : nunc postremum ab ipso autore religiose recognitu[m] una cum alijs aliquot libellis, no[n] minus eruditis quam amoenis, quorum omniu[m] titulos proxima pagella loquetur. The border features the personifications of several deadly sins and cardinal virtues, including Pride, Greed, Justice, Prudence, and Hope. At the bottom of the border, the personified Fortuna rides a horse as a skeleton shoots a man with an arrow.

The title page of Martin Luther's Passional Christi vnnd Antichristi featuring an architectural arch decorated with floral and vegetal patterns, a pair of cherubs framed with grape vines holding up the title from the top of each side of the arch.

The title page of Martin Luther's Passional Christi vnnd Antichristi featuring an architectural arch decorated with floral and vegetal patterns, a pair of cherubs framed with grape vines holding up the title from the top of each side of the arch.

The title page of Johan Eck's Vmb den grossen sig Kaiserlicher Maiestat, in Thunis verlihen, Got zu dancken, zwů predig ... features the coat of arms of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, featuring the two-headed eagle representing the Holy Roman Empire surrounded by the collar of the chivalric Order of the Golden Fleece and flanked by a pair of crowned columns representing the Pillars of Hercules. Above the coat of arms is the Charles V's motto, "Plus Ultra," translating to "Further Beyond."

The title page of Johan Eck's Vmb den grossen sig Kaiserlicher Maiestat, in Thunis verlihen, Got zu dancken, zwů predig ... features the coat of arms of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, featuring the two-headed eagle representing the Holy Roman Empire surrounded by the collar of the chivalric Order of the Golden Fleece and flanked by a pair of crowned columns representing the Pillars of Hercules. Above the coat of arms is the Charles V's motto, "Plus Ultra," translating to "Further Beyond."

The title page of Martin Schrot's Vrsprung vnd vrsach Gege[n]wertiger Vffrür, Teütscher Nation depicting the pope (in armor and the papal crown) leading an army, presumably set during the Schmalkald War, reinforcing the theme of the work which criticises the pope as a warrior attacking his sheep rather than leading them to God.

The title page of Martin Schrot's Vrsprung vnd vrsach Gege[n]wertiger Vffrür, Teütscher Nation depicting the pope (in armor and the papal crown) leading an army, presumably set during the Schmalkald War, reinforcing the theme of the work which criticises the pope as a warrior attacking his sheep rather than leading them to God.

The title page of Martin Luther's Wider die mordischen vnd reubischen Rotten der Pawren featuring an architectural frame including floral patterns, columns, and a pair of fish.

The title page of Martin Luther's Wider die mordischen vnd reubischen Rotten der Pawren featuring an architectural frame including floral patterns, columns, and a pair of fish.

The title page of Hans Baumann's Wie, vnd inn wölcher gestalt, der Eömischer [i.e. Römischer] Kayserlichen Mayestat, Landtgraff Philips von Hessen, auff dem neüntzehenden tag Junij, zuo Hall in Sachsen den fuossfall gethon. M.D.XLVII featuring the coat of arms of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, which features the two-headed eagle of the Holy Roman Empire, bearing a quartered shield representing the regions he rules. The eagle is flanked by a pair of columns representing the Pillars of Hercules and his motto, "Plus Oultre," translated as "Further Beyond."

The title page of Hans Baumann's Wie, vnd inn wölcher gestalt, der Eömischer [i.e. Römischer] Kayserlichen Mayestat, Landtgraff Philips von Hessen, auff dem neüntzehenden tag Junij, zuo Hall in Sachsen den fuossfall gethon. M.D.XLVII featuring the coat of arms of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, which features the two-headed eagle of the Holy Roman Empire, bearing a quartered shield representing the regions he rules. The eagle is flanked by a pair of columns representing the Pillars of Hercules and his motto, "Plus Oultre," translated as "Further Beyond."

A woodcut border on the title page of Wolfgang Wulffer's pamphlet against Luther, calling him a "false prophet." The border is composed of a single woodcut depicting cherubs (top and sides), dragons (top left and right), and a man reclining while wearing a hood with pointed ears (bottom).

A woodcut border on the title page of Wolfgang Wulffer's pamphlet against Luther, calling him a "false prophet." The border is composed of a single woodcut depicting cherubs (top and sides), dragons (top left and right), and a man reclining while wearing a hood with pointed ears (bottom).

The title page of Ptolemy's [Klaudiou Ptolemaiou Alexandreōs ... Peri tēs geōgraphias biblia octō meta pasēs akribeias entupothenta (romanized form)] = Claudii Ptolemaei Alexandrini De geographia libri octo : summa cum uigilantia excusi featuring the printer's mark of Johann Froben, a pair of hands supporting a caduceus.

The title page of Ptolemy's [Klaudiou Ptolemaiou Alexandreōs ... Peri tēs geōgraphias biblia octō meta pasēs akribeias entupothenta (romanized form)] = Claudii Ptolemaei Alexandrini De geographia libri octo : summa cum uigilantia excusi featuring the printer's mark of Johann Froben, a pair of hands supporting a caduceus.

A woodcut border on the title page of Johann Eck's pamphlet in support of Hieronymus Emser printed in 1519. The entire border is created using four different woodcuts on each side. The bottom woodcut features a pair of cherubs holding up the coat of arms of Chemintz (possibly a reversed coat of arms of Leipzig). The left hand woodcut includes a cherub holding up a decorative stand upon which is a man battling a boar. The right hand woodcut includes a bent over cherub supporting a decorative stand on top of which stands a drummer.

A woodcut border on the title page of Johann Eck's pamphlet in support of Hieronymus Emser printed in 1519. The entire border is created using four different woodcuts on each side. The bottom woodcut features a pair of cherubs holding up the coat of arms of Chemintz (possibly a reversed coat of arms of Leipzig). The left hand woodcut includes a cherub holding up a decorative stand upon which is a man battling a boar. The right hand woodcut includes a bent over cherub supporting a decorative stand on top of which stands a drummer.

A woodcut border on the title page of Johann Lange's Oratio published in 1519. The border is comprised of one complete woodcut and depicts a group of angels playing music as the Virgin Mary, Jesus, and several other saints watch. Additional scenes of cherubs picking fruit and climbing trees appear in the left and right border sections.

A woodcut border on the title page of Johann Lange's Oratio published in 1519. The border is comprised of one complete woodcut and depicts a group of angels playing music as the Virgin Mary, Jesus, and several other saints watch. Additional scenes of cherubs picking fruit and climbing trees appear in the left and right border sections.

A woodcut border on the title page of Luther's In epistolam Pauli ad Galatas commentarius printed in 1519. The border depicts philosophers gathered around the Castalian spring, where historically the Delphi priestesses bathed before announcing their oracles, with the twin peaks of Mount Parnassus in the background. Along the sides and top of the border are a series of musicians playing flutes, harps, bagpipes, lutes, horns, and violins.

A woodcut border on the title page of Luther's In epistolam Pauli ad Galatas commentarius printed in 1519. The border depicts philosophers gathered around the Castalian spring, where historically the Delphi priestesses bathed before announcing their oracles, with the twin peaks of Mount Parnassus in the background. Along the sides and top of the border are a series of musicians playing flutes, harps, bagpipes, lutes, horns, and violins.

A woodcut border on the title page of Luther's In epistolam Pauli ad Galatas commentarius printed in 1519. The border depicts philosophers gathered around the Castalian spring, where historically the Delphi priestesses bathed before announcing their oracles, with the twin peaks of Mount Parnassus in the background. Along the sides and top of the border are a series of musicians playing flutes, harps, bagpipes, lutes, horns, and violins.

A woodcut border on the title page of Luther's In epistolam Pauli ad Galatas commentarius printed in 1519. The border depicts philosophers gathered around the Castalian spring, where historically the Delphi priestesses bathed before announcing their oracles, with the twin peaks of Mount Parnassus in the background. Along the sides and top of the border are a series of musicians playing flutes, harps, bagpipes, lutes, horns, and violins.

A woodcut border on the title page of Luther's Resolutiones Lutherianae super propositionibus suis Lipsiae disputatis printed in 1519. The border depicts a fox chasing a bird (bottom), three boars (one holding a sword, one stirring a pot, and one wearing a crown and holding a scepter; right), a man with a comb (?) (top), and two men (one with a bucket and the other working a printing press; left).

A woodcut border on the title page of Luther's Resolutiones Lutherianae super propositionibus suis Lipsiae disputatis printed in 1519. The border depicts a fox chasing a bird (bottom), three boars (one holding a sword, one stirring a pot, and one wearing a crown and holding a scepter; right), a man with a comb (?) (top), and two men (one with a bucket and the other working a printing press; left).

A woodcut border on the title page of Luther's exposition of Psalm 109 printed in 1518. Along the bottom margin, the border features three portraits, one of the Virgin Mary holding Jesus, one of a saint holding a spear and a book (possibly Saint Longinus), and one of a pope. Along both side margins are a series of decorative elements, including a cherub, two men chasing each other around a column, a pair of cats, a goose, and a trio of women. At the top of the page, there is a scene of two women with fish tails for legs (possibly a reference to Scylla) flanking a running boy and bird.

A woodcut border on the title page of Luther's exposition of Psalm 109 printed in 1518. Along the bottom margin, the border features three portraits, one of the Virgin Mary holding Jesus, one of a saint holding a spear and a book (possibly Saint Longinus), and one of a pope. Along both side margins are a series of decorative elements, including a cherub, two men chasing each other around a column, a pair of cats, a goose, and a trio of women. At the top of the page, there is a scene of two women with fish tails for legs (possibly a reference to Scylla) flanking a running boy and bird.

A woodcut border on the title page of the fifth printing of Luther's sermon on the sacrament of penance. The border depicts philosophers gathered around the Castalian spring, where historically the Delphi priestesses bathed before announcing their oracles, with the twin peaks of Mount Parnassus in the background. Along the sides and top of the border are a series of musicians playing flutes, harps, bagpipes, lutes, horns, and violins.

A woodcut border on the title page of the fifth printing of Luther's sermon on the sacrament of penance. The border depicts philosophers gathered around the Castalian spring, where historically the Delphi priestesses bathed before announcing their oracles, with the twin peaks of Mount Parnassus in the background. Along the sides and top of the border are a series of musicians playing flutes, harps, bagpipes, lutes, horns, and violins.

A woodcut border on the title page of Silvestro da Prierio Mazzolini's refutation of Luther's 95 Theses printed in 1518. Along the bottom margin, the border features three portraits, one of the Virgin Mary holding Jesus, one of a saint holding a spear and a book (possibly Saint Longinus), and one of a pope. Along both side margins are a series of decorative elements, including a cherub, two men chasing each other around a column, a pair of cats, a goose, and a trio of women.

A woodcut border on the title page of Silvestro da Prierio Mazzolini's refutation of Luther's 95 Theses printed in 1518. Along the bottom margin, the border features three portraits, one of the Virgin Mary holding Jesus, one of a saint holding a spear and a book (possibly Saint Longinus), and one of a pope. Along both side margins are a series of decorative elements, including a cherub, two men chasing each other around a column, a pair of cats, a goose, and a trio of women.

A woodcut depicting the celebration of Holy Saturday. A bishop presides as a deacon lights one candle from three and sings, “Lumen Christi” (“the light of Christ”), to which all reply,”Deo gratis” (“thanks be to God”). The scene is flanked by a pair of cherubs holding rings and kneeling on helmets. The woodcut is reused throughout the work.

A woodcut depicting the celebration of Holy Saturday. A bishop presides as a deacon lights one candle from three and sings, “Lumen Christi” (“the light of Christ”), to which all reply,”Deo gratis” (“thanks be to God”). The scene is flanked by a pair of cherubs holding rings and kneeling on helmets. The woodcut is reused throughout the work.

A woodcut depicting Hosea, his wife, Gomer, and their three children, Jezreel, Lo-Ruhamah, and Lo-Ammi. The first verse of the book of Hosea is printed above.

A woodcut depicting Hosea, his wife, Gomer, and their three children, Jezreel, Lo-Ruhamah, and Lo-Ammi. The first verse of the book of Hosea is printed above.