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Summary: This is Luther's first sermon for Christmas Day. It was first preached in 1520 and is a simple explanation of the biblical account of the birth of Christ.

Summary: This is Luther's first sermon for Christmas Day. It was first preached in 1520 and is a simple explanation of the biblical account of the birth of Christ.

Summary: The tribulation of monks-turned Protestant, and then turned out of their monasteries, made fascinating reading for the newly-converted Protestants. In style, it is analogous to martyrologies, such as Foxe's "Book of Martyrs." G. Korn here relates his sufferings on account of the Gospel as one such monk in Nuremberg.

Summary: The tribulation of monks-turned Protestant, and then turned out of their monasteries, made fascinating reading for the newly-converted Protestants. In style, it is analogous to martyrologies, such as Foxe's "Book of Martyrs." G. Korn here relates his sufferings on account of the Gospel as one such monk in Nuremberg.

Summary: 1545 printing of a work by Luther on intercessory prayer, first published in 1535.

Summary: 1545 printing of a work by Luther on intercessory prayer, first published in 1535.

Summary: A fictitious dialogue between a Catholic and a Protestant, written by the Catholic theologian Adam Walasser. The discussion includes topics like the authority of tradition outside of Scripture or prayer to the Saints and the Protestant position is presented as reasonable, albeit incorrect by Walasser.

Summary: A fictitious dialogue between a Catholic and a Protestant, written by the Catholic theologian Adam Walasser. The discussion includes topics like the authority of tradition outside of Scripture or prayer to the Saints and the Protestant position is presented as reasonable, albeit incorrect by Walasser.

Summary: A decree against the Anabaptists by the Lutheran prince, Georg, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach, to be read from the pulpits of his territory.

Summary: A decree against the Anabaptists by the Lutheran prince, Georg, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach, to be read from the pulpits of his territory.

Summary: While Henry, the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, openly identified with the Roman Catholic Church in its struggle against the Reformation, his religious principles were often dictated by political expediency. He is, in fact, said to have permitted Lutheran influences in a variety of instances in his duchy. Defeated by the Lutheran princes of the Schmalkald League, he was driven from his territories, returning after their defeat at the hands of the Imperial army. This dialogue between the devil and some soldiers satyrizes Henry.

Summary: While Henry, the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, openly identified with the Roman Catholic Church in its struggle against the Reformation, his religious principles were often dictated by political expediency. He is, in fact, said to have permitted Lutheran influences in a variety of instances in his duchy. Defeated by the Lutheran princes of the Schmalkald League, he was driven from his territories, returning after their defeat at the hands of the Imperial army. This dialogue between the devil and some soldiers satyrizes Henry.

Summary: Sermon prepared at the request of Spalatin for M. Schart on worthy preparation for death, but never preached.

Summary: Sermon prepared at the request of Spalatin for M. Schart on worthy preparation for death, but never preached.

Summary: Anti-Reformation poem directed at the city of Konstanz. Tregor, an Augustinian Prior, was a leading defender of Catholicism in Switzerland.

Summary: Anti-Reformation poem directed at the city of Konstanz. Tregor, an Augustinian Prior, was a leading defender of Catholicism in Switzerland.

Summary: This is the third printing, second state, of Luther's sermon against the Turks.

Summary: This is the third printing, second state, of Luther's sermon against the Turks.

Summary: Sermon on Christian life by the Lutheran preacher Johann Spangenberg, based on Ephesians 5:1, followed by an interpretation of Psalm 1.

Summary: Sermon on Christian life by the Lutheran preacher Johann Spangenberg, based on Ephesians 5:1, followed by an interpretation of Psalm 1.

Summary: An anonymous pamphlet, containing an oath German pastors had to swear to renounce the "Evangelical doctrine, which is called Lutheran" in order to be readmitted to the Roman Catholic Church. The copy of the oath is preceded by two satirical poems regarding the oath, the first one representing the opinion of a wise man, the second one the answer of an unwise man. On the titlepage are two verses from Matthew 10 against the taking of oaths. The work is published by Christian Rödinger, a printer who put his press in service of the Reformation.

Summary: An anonymous pamphlet, containing an oath German pastors had to swear to renounce the "Evangelical doctrine, which is called Lutheran" in order to be readmitted to the Roman Catholic Church. The copy of the oath is preceded by two satirical poems regarding the oath, the first one representing the opinion of a wise man, the second one the answer of an unwise man. On the titlepage are two verses from Matthew 10 against the taking of oaths. The work is published by Christian Rödinger, a printer who put his press in service of the Reformation.

Summary: A sermon by Johann Mathesius on the resurrection of the dead, preached three hours before his own death. Issued with it is the funeral sermon for Mathesius, delivered by Caspar Franck.

Summary: A sermon by Johann Mathesius on the resurrection of the dead, preached three hours before his own death. Issued with it is the funeral sermon for Mathesius, delivered by Caspar Franck.

Summary: Two sermons by the Lutheran preacher Johann Spangenberg on the sacrament of the eucharist and on Christian life, based on Ephesians 5, as well as a short exegesis of Psalm 1.

Summary: Two sermons by the Lutheran preacher Johann Spangenberg on the sacrament of the eucharist and on Christian life, based on Ephesians 5, as well as a short exegesis of Psalm 1.

Summary: Second edition of a sermon preached on October 5, 1544 on Luke 14 (Healing of the man with dropsy on the Sabbath day). The sermon was preached in Torgau at the dedication of a new chapel in the Elector's Castle and the text was edited by Caspar Creutziger.

Summary: Second edition of a sermon preached on October 5, 1544 on Luke 14 (Healing of the man with dropsy on the Sabbath day). The sermon was preached in Torgau at the dedication of a new chapel in the Elector's Castle and the text was edited by Caspar Creutziger.

A woodcut containing a portrait of Elector Joachim II of Brandenburg kneeling before a crucifix. This woodcut likekly originated as a broadsheet since there are no signs of letterpress on the back. The same woodcut appeared in Grabriel Schnellboltz' Wahrhafftige Bildnisse etlicher Fuersten (Wittenberg, 1562) and the Augspurgische Confession (Frankfurt an der Oder:, Eichorn, 1572).

A woodcut containing a portrait of Elector Joachim II of Brandenburg kneeling before a crucifix. This woodcut likekly originated as a broadsheet since there are no signs of letterpress on the back. The same woodcut appeared in Grabriel Schnellboltz' Wahrhafftige Bildnisse etlicher Fuersten (Wittenberg, 1562) and the Augspurgische Confession (Frankfurt an der Oder:, Eichorn, 1572).

A woodcut containing a portrait of John Frederick (Johann Friedrich) reading a book and praying before a crucifix. Frederick was a leader of the Schmalkaldic League and fought for Luther's cause against the Imperial troops. The league was defeated in the Battle of Muehlberg in April of 1547. Frederick was wounded by a slash across his left cheek, captured, condemned to death, but ultimately pardoned and reinstated as duke in Weimar. After 1547, however, the Electoral power had fallen to the rivalling Albertininian line of the dynasty residing in Dresden.

A woodcut containing a portrait of John Frederick (Johann Friedrich) reading a book and praying before a crucifix. Frederick was a leader of the Schmalkaldic League and fought for Luther's cause against the Imperial troops. The league was defeated in the Battle of Muehlberg in April of 1547. Frederick was wounded by a slash across his left cheek, captured, condemned to death, but ultimately pardoned and reinstated as duke in Weimar. After 1547, however, the Electoral power had fallen to the rivalling Albertininian line of the dynasty residing in Dresden.

Summary: A 1558 printing of a work on rhetoric by Philipp Melanchthon. The work includes correspondence on the subject by two late-15th century Italian humanists.

Summary: A 1558 printing of a work on rhetoric by Philipp Melanchthon. The work includes correspondence on the subject by two late-15th century Italian humanists.

Summary: Interpretation of Psalm 68 by Georg Major, a student of Luther and Melanchthon, and professor at Wittenberg from 1536, with a few brief interruptions, until his death.

Summary: Interpretation of Psalm 68 by Georg Major, a student of Luther and Melanchthon, and professor at Wittenberg from 1536, with a few brief interruptions, until his death.

Summary: A 1565 printing of Luther's Small Catechism.

Summary: A 1565 printing of Luther's Small Catechism.

Summary: Second illustrated edition of Valentin Babst's publication of Luther's small catechism.

Summary: Second illustrated edition of Valentin Babst's publication of Luther's small catechism.

Summary: In 1521, Melanchthon wrote the first Protestant dogmatics, the "Loci Communes." Eck countered in 1525 with his "handbook on Theological Topics". Possibly the most widely reprinted Catholic critique of Lutheran doctrine (Metzler lists 91 contemporary editions). Eck uses the same topical procedure and cites the Bible, Church Fathers, Councils, and Popes heavily in the presentation of his arguments.

Summary: In 1521, Melanchthon wrote the first Protestant dogmatics, the "Loci Communes." Eck countered in 1525 with his "handbook on Theological Topics". Possibly the most widely reprinted Catholic critique of Lutheran doctrine (Metzler lists 91 contemporary editions). Eck uses the same topical procedure and cites the Bible, Church Fathers, Councils, and Popes heavily in the presentation of his arguments.