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Summary: Melanchthon's "Handtbuchlein" is among the first attempts at a Protestant catechism. It is a collection of selections from scripture passages, prayers, and other text intended as instruction for students in German schools. Noteworthy are the "Seven Wise Saying" derived from Periander by Erasmus.

Summary: Melanchthon's "Handtbuchlein" is among the first attempts at a Protestant catechism. It is a collection of selections from scripture passages, prayers, and other text intended as instruction for students in German schools. Noteworthy are the "Seven Wise Saying" derived from Periander by Erasmus.

Summary: First German printing of this treatise by Philipp Melanchthon on the three monastic vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience.

Summary: First German printing of this treatise by Philipp Melanchthon on the three monastic vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience.

A woodcut of Pope Leo X's coat of arms, appearing on the title page of the official papal bull excommunicating Martin Luther. The coat of arms features the crossed keys to the kingdom of Heaven and the Papal crown, the traditional symbols of the Papacy, and the coat of arms of the Medici family, to which Pope Leo X belonged.

A woodcut of Pope Leo X's coat of arms, appearing on the title page of the official papal bull excommunicating Martin Luther. The coat of arms features the crossed keys to the kingdom of Heaven and the Papal crown, the traditional symbols of the Papacy, and the coat of arms of the Medici family, to which Pope Leo X belonged.

A woodcut portrait of Ulrich van Hutten dressed in armor and wearing a laurel crown. Below the portrait is the motto "IACTA EST ALEA," translated as "the die is cast." In the four corners of the portrait are coats of arms.

A woodcut portrait of Ulrich van Hutten dressed in armor and wearing a laurel crown. Below the portrait is the motto "IACTA EST ALEA," translated as "the die is cast." In the four corners of the portrait are coats of arms.

A woodcut depicting Saint Jerome in prototypical fashion, kneeling before a crucifix and smiting himself on the chest with a stone. It also includes two of the other 'attributes' that typically occur in his portraits: the lion and the cardinal’s hat. The printer, Wolfgang Stöckel may have used it as a kind of printer's device, and some have characterized it as a loose copy of the work of Wolf Traut.

A woodcut depicting Saint Jerome in prototypical fashion, kneeling before a crucifix and smiting himself on the chest with a stone. It also includes two of the other 'attributes' that typically occur in his portraits: the lion and the cardinal’s hat. The printer, Wolfgang Stöckel may have used it as a kind of printer's device, and some have characterized it as a loose copy of the work of Wolf Traut.

A woodcut image, possibly a printer's mark of Johann Schott, depicting God's hand descending from Heaven grasping a mace with a nest of storks on top of it (top left) and a fallen knight beneath the mace (bottom). Above and below the mark are the words "Allein Gott eer" (above) and "Aller Gewalt von Gott" (below).

A woodcut image, possibly a printer's mark of Johann Schott, depicting God's hand descending from Heaven grasping a mace with a nest of storks on top of it (top left) and a fallen knight beneath the mace (bottom). Above and below the mark are the words "Allein Gott eer" (above) and "Aller Gewalt von Gott" (below).

A woodcut image, possibly a printer's mark of Johann Schott, depicting God's hand descending from Heaven grasping a mace with a nest of storks on top of it (top left) and a fallen knight beneath the mace (bottom). Four lines of text in German, Latin, Hebrew, and Greek, surround the image: "Aller Gewalt von Gott" (top), ": מרשךרם חשפסך בנר אךם" (right), "Parcere Subiectis, & debellare Superbos" (bottom), "πἃδα ψυχη' έξουσί'αισ ύπερεχούδαισ ύποταδδε'ολω" (left).

A woodcut image, possibly a printer's mark of Johann Schott, depicting God's hand descending from Heaven grasping a mace with a nest of storks on top of it (top left) and a fallen knight beneath the mace (bottom). Four lines of text in German, Latin, Hebrew, and Greek, surround the image: "Aller Gewalt von Gott" (top), ": מרשךרם חשפסך בנר אךם" (right), "Parcere Subiectis, & debellare Superbos" (bottom), "πἃδα ψυχη' έξουσί'αισ ύπερεχούδαισ ύποταδδε'ολω" (left).

Summary: Second German edition of Johannes Brenz' postil or lectionary sermons, presented in three parts. The fourth part is a harmony and interpretation of the four Gospel passion stories.

Summary: Second German edition of Johannes Brenz' postil or lectionary sermons, presented in three parts. The fourth part is a harmony and interpretation of the four Gospel passion stories.

A woodcut depicting a preist dressed in the vestments described in Exodus 28, including an elaborate ephod and/or breastpiece, a long robe decorated with pomegranates and bells, and a decorated turban.

A woodcut depicting a preist dressed in the vestments described in Exodus 28, including an elaborate ephod and/or breastpiece, a long robe decorated with pomegranates and bells, and a decorated turban.

Summary: Part one of Luther's collected sermons on the historical Epistles and Gospels of the Church year, as edited by Martin Bucer, the Reformer of Strasbourg. Bound with part two. Six volumes, in all, were issued, with the last appearing in 1527.

Summary: Part one of Luther's collected sermons on the historical Epistles and Gospels of the Church year, as edited by Martin Bucer, the Reformer of Strasbourg. Bound with part two. Six volumes, in all, were issued, with the last appearing in 1527.

A woodcut of the printer's device (or mark) of Johann Rhau-Grunenberg, featuring his initials, "IG," and a small hill decorated with a number of different plants. The printer's mark is placed just below the colophon.

A woodcut of the printer's device (or mark) of Johann Rhau-Grunenberg, featuring his initials, "IG," and a small hill decorated with a number of different plants. The printer's mark is placed just below the colophon.

A woodcut of Johann Schott's printer's device, depicting a pair of dogs fighting, each biting the other's back and the initials "RSM". This version includes additional rubrication to highlight the points where each dog is biting.

A woodcut of Johann Schott's printer's device, depicting a pair of dogs fighting, each biting the other's back and the initials "RSM". This version includes additional rubrication to highlight the points where each dog is biting.

A woodcut of Johann Schott's printer's device, depicting a pair of dogs fighting, each biting the other's back and the initials "RSM".

A woodcut of Johann Schott's printer's device, depicting a pair of dogs fighting, each biting the other's back and the initials "RSM".

A woodcut depicting the printer's device of Martin Landsberg. The mark consists of two shields, one with what could be a stylized ox or cow head and a star (left) and the second with a city by a river (right). Per Davies in "Devices of the Early Printers, Vol. 9, pg. 196, "The town represented is on mounds in the former; here water seems to be indicated. If the allusion was originally to "Land" and "Berg", it is therefore now lost."

A woodcut depicting the printer's device of Martin Landsberg. The mark consists of two shields, one with what could be a stylized ox or cow head and a star (left) and the second with a city by a river (right). Per Davies in "Devices of the Early Printers, Vol. 9, pg. 196, "The town represented is on mounds in the former; here water seems to be indicated. If the allusion was originally to "Land" and "Berg", it is therefore now lost."

A woodcut printer's device of Melchior Lotter featuring a crest depicting the Brazen Serpent wrapped around a cross.

A woodcut printer's device of Melchior Lotter featuring a crest depicting the Brazen Serpent wrapped around a cross.

A decorative woodcut placed above the colophon featuring the printer's mark of Johann Froben, a crest with a caduceus, being supported by cherubs beneath an architectural arch. Surrounding the woodcut are a number of marginalia as well as two sketches mimicking the central staff of the caduceus and one of the cherubs.

A decorative woodcut placed above the colophon featuring the printer's mark of Johann Froben, a crest with a caduceus, being supported by cherubs beneath an architectural arch. Surrounding the woodcut are a number of marginalia as well as two sketches mimicking the central staff of the caduceus and one of the cherubs.

A woodcut of the printer's device of Jean Frellon appearing on the title page of Les Images de la Mort. The device features a crab holding a moth above the motto: MATVRA.

A woodcut of the printer's device of Jean Frellon appearing on the title page of Les Images de la Mort. The device features a crab holding a moth above the motto: MATVRA.

A contemporary report of a remonstration against the Imperial policy of Charles V for participation in the recently convened ecumenical Council of Trent on terms proposed by the new Pope Julius III (del Monte). The Elector Maurice, of the Ernestine branch of the Wettin family of the duchies of Saxony, was one of the great and enigmatic figures of German history in the mid 16th century.

A contemporary report of a remonstration against the Imperial policy of Charles V for participation in the recently convened ecumenical Council of Trent on terms proposed by the new Pope Julius III (del Monte). The Elector Maurice, of the Ernestine branch of the Wettin family of the duchies of Saxony, was one of the great and enigmatic figures of German history in the mid 16th century.

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Summary: Choir book, edited by the Lutheran theologian Georg Major (Meier). The work opens with biblical canticles and Psalms of praise, followed by various hymns, prayers and litanies.

Summary: Choir book, edited by the Lutheran theologian Georg Major (Meier). The work opens with biblical canticles and Psalms of praise, followed by various hymns, prayers and litanies.

Summary: This is a later (1548) printing of H.E. Hessus' poetic paraphrases in Latin of the books of Psalms and Ecclesiastes.

Summary: This is a later (1548) printing of H.E. Hessus' poetic paraphrases in Latin of the books of Psalms and Ecclesiastes.