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Subject Persecution
  • An engraving depicting the burning of eighteen Anabaptists. The image shows the victims bound to burning stakes and praying as a pair of men stoke the fires.
    Still image

    18 Personnes brulées à Saltzbourg, A. 1528

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the burning of eighteen Anabaptists. The image shows the victims bound to burning stakes and praying as a pair of men stoke the fires.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the burning of eighteen Anabaptists. The image shows the victims bound to burning stakes and praying as a pair of men stoke the fires.
  • An engraving depicting the burning of 180 people from the Cathar sect who had been labeled heretics by the Pope. The image shows a massive bonfire with numerous people being thrown onto it while a crowd watches.
    Still image

    180 Persones brulées sous le nom d'Albigois comme des héretiques, A. 1210

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the burning of 180 people from the Cathar sect who had been labeled heretics by the Pope. The image shows a massive bonfire with numerous people being thrown onto it while a crowd watches.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the burning of 180 people from the Cathar sect who had been labeled heretics by the Pope. The image shows a massive bonfire with numerous people being thrown onto it while a crowd watches.
  • An engraving depicting the burning of 224 Waldensians outside of Toulouse. The image shows a large number of stakes with people tied to them being set ablaze as a crowd watches.
    Still image

    224 Vaudois brulez prés de Thoulouse, A. 1243

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the burning of 224 Waldensians outside of Toulouse. The image shows a large number of stakes with people tied to them being set ablaze as a crowd watches.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the burning of 224 Waldensians outside of Toulouse. The image shows a large number of stakes with people tied to them being set ablaze as a crowd watches.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of Algerius, a student from Padua. The image shows Algerius being drenched in boiling oil as he stands before a prepared stake and pyre while a monk attempts to convince him to repent.
    Still image

    Algerius, Etudiant de Padoue, brulé à Rome, A. 1557

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of Algerius, a student from Padua. The image shows Algerius being drenched in boiling oil as he stands before a prepared stake and pyre while a monk attempts to convince him to repent.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of Algerius, a student from Padua. The image shows Algerius being drenched in boiling oil as he stands before a prepared stake and pyre while a monk attempts to convince him to repent.
  • An engraving depicting the arrest of Andries Langedul. The image shows Langedul seated on a porch witha Bible open on his lap, the open door behind him showing his family inside the house, as a man accompanied by guards approaches him from the street.
    Still image

    André Langedul, decapité dans la prison à Anvers, A. 1559

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the arrest of Andries Langedul. The image shows Langedul seated on a porch witha Bible open on his lap, the open door behind him showing his family inside the house, as a man accompanied by guards approaches him from the street.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the arrest of Andries Langedul. The image shows Langedul seated on a porch witha Bible open on his lap, the open door behind him showing his family inside the house, as a man accompanied by guards approaches him from the street.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of Anne Hendricks. The image shows Hendricks, bound to a ladder, being lifted towards a bonfire as a crowd watches.
    Still image

    Anne Hendriks, brulée à Amsterdam, A. 1571

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of Anne Hendricks. The image shows Hendricks, bound to a ladder, being lifted towards a bonfire as a crowd watches.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of Anne Hendricks. The image shows Hendricks, bound to a ladder, being lifted towards a bonfire as a crowd watches.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of Anne Ians. The image shows Anne being led away as she reaches back to deliver her final testament of faith to her son.
    Still image

    Anne Ians, noyée à Rotterdam, A. 1539

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of Anne Ians. The image shows Anne being led away as she reaches back to deliver her final testament of faith to her son.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of Anne Ians. The image shows Anne being led away as she reaches back to deliver her final testament of faith to her son.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of Anne van den Hove. The image shows van den Hove buried up to her neck while priests attempt to convince her to recant.
    Still image

    Anne vande Hoven, enterrée toute vive à Bruxelles, A. 1597

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of Anne van den Hove. The image shows van den Hove buried up to her neck while priests attempt to convince her to recant.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of Anne van den Hove. The image shows van den Hove buried up to her neck while priests attempt to convince her to recant.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of Anthonie Ysbaarts. The image shows Ysbaarts bound to a stake as a man attempts to stop the executioner from lighting the pyre.
    Still image

    Antoine Ysbaarts, brulé à Tielt en Flandres, A. 1573

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of Anthonie Ysbaarts. The image shows Ysbaarts bound to a stake as a man attempts to stop the executioner from lighting the pyre.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of Anthonie Ysbaarts. The image shows Ysbaarts bound to a stake as a man attempts to stop the executioner from lighting the pyre.
  • An engraving depicting the arrest of Augustine the baker. The image shows Augustine, who had been kneeding dough, attempting to flee as a trio of men arrive at his bakery in order to arrest him.
    Still image

    Augustin, boulanger à Beverwyk, jetté dans le feu attaché à une échelle et brulé, A. 1556

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the arrest of Augustine the baker. The image shows Augustine, who had been kneeding dough, attempting to flee as a trio of men arrive at his bakery in order to arrest him.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the arrest of Augustine the baker. The image shows Augustine, who had been kneeding dough, attempting to flee as a trio of men arrive at his bakery in order to arrest him.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of Christian Langedul and three others. The image shows the four bound men being led inside a straw lean-to and chained to posts within while a brazier sits to the side ready to light the lean-to on fire.
    Still image

    Christien Langedul et trois autres brulez à Anvers, A. 1567

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of Christian Langedul and three others. The image shows the four bound men being led inside a straw lean-to and chained to posts within while a brazier sits to the side ready to light the lean-to on fire.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of Christian Langedul and three others. The image shows the four bound men being led inside a straw lean-to and chained to posts within while a brazier sits to the side ready to light the lean-to on fire.
  • An engraving depicting various tortures and executions of Christians during the persecutions ordered under Emperors Diocletian and Maximian. The image shows five different methods of crucifixion (right), people being burned at the stake (center, background), a man being beaten (center), a figure being attacked by dogs (bottom left), and a figure being stabbed, covered in oil, and burned (left), all while the Emperors watch (top left, background).
    Still image

    Cruaictez horibles exercées contre les Chrétiens, sous Diocletien et Maximien, A. 301

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting various tortures and executions of Christians during the persecutions ordered under Emperors Diocletian and Maximian. The image shows five different methods of crucifixion (right), people being burned at the stake (center, background), a man being beaten (center), a figure being attacked by dogs (bottom left), and a figure being stabbed, covered in oil, and burned (left), all while the Emperors watch (top left, background).
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting various tortures and executions of Christians during the persecutions ordered under Emperors Diocletian and Maximian. The image shows five different methods of crucifixion (right), people being burned at the stake (center, background), a man being beaten (center), a figure being attacked by dogs (bottom left), and a figure being stabbed, covered in oil, and burned (left), all while the Emperors watch (top left, background).
  • An engraving depicting the execution of David and Levina. The image shows Levina and David having been strangled and burned at the stake, and a man stabbing David to make sure he is dead.
    Still image

    David et Levina etranglez et brulez à Gand, A. 1554

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of David and Levina. The image shows Levina and David having been strangled and burned at the stake, and a man stabbing David to make sure he is dead.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of David and Levina. The image shows Levina and David having been strangled and burned at the stake, and a man stabbing David to make sure he is dead.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of two young women. The image shows the young women, with crowns of straw on their heads, being led towards a stake being prepared in the background.
    Still image

    Deux Jeunes Filles tuées dans l'Evêché de Bamberg environ l'An 1550

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of two young women. The image shows the young women, with crowns of straw on their heads, being led towards a stake being prepared in the background.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of two young women. The image shows the young women, with crowns of straw on their heads, being led towards a stake being prepared in the background.
  • An engraving depicting the public execution of a dozen people. The image shows a card of people being brought to an execution platforms where several have already been bound to stakes which are being prepared to be burned.
    Still image

    Douze persones decapitées et brulées à Deventer, A. 1571

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the public execution of a dozen people. The image shows a card of people being brought to an execution platforms where several have already been bound to stakes which are being prepared to be burned.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the public execution of a dozen people. The image shows a card of people being brought to an execution platforms where several have already been bound to stakes which are being prepared to be burned.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of Fra. Dolcino and his wife (co-preacher or concubine), Margaret of Trent. The image shows Dolcino being cut to pieces by two men while another two grab at Margaret and a fire is prepared in the background.
    Still image

    Dulcin avec sa femme déchurez par piéces et brulez à Novare, A. 1308

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of Fra. Dolcino and his wife (co-preacher or concubine), Margaret of Trent. The image shows Dolcino being cut to pieces by two men while another two grab at Margaret and a fire is prepared in the background.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of Fra. Dolcino and his wife (co-preacher or concubine), Margaret of Trent. The image shows Dolcino being cut to pieces by two men while another two grab at Margaret and a fire is prepared in the background.
  • An engraving depicting the execution and torture of some 350 people in Alzey on the orders of the Holy Roman Emperor. The image shows a man having his fingers removed with a chisel (right), a man being blindfolded in preparation for beheading (center), and a bound man with a cross burned onto his forehead (left).
    Still image

    Environ 350 Personnes tuées près d'Altzey par par ordre de l'Empereur, A. 1529

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution and torture of some 350 people in Alzey on the orders of the Holy Roman Emperor. The image shows a man having his fingers removed with a chisel (right), a man being blindfolded in preparation for beheading (center), and a bound man with a cross burned onto his forehead (left).
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution and torture of some 350 people in Alzey on the orders of the Holy Roman Emperor. The image shows a man having his fingers removed with a chisel (right), a man being blindfolded in preparation for beheading (center), and a bound man with a cross burned onto his forehead (left).
  • An engraving depicting the burning of eighty Waldensians in Strasbourg. The image shows a number of individuals already tied to stakes (right) while others are being prepared to be led to the pyres (left).
    Still image

    Environ 80 Vaudois brulez à Strasbourg, A. 1215

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the burning of eighty Waldensians in Strasbourg. The image shows a number of individuals already tied to stakes (right) while others are being prepared to be led to the pyres (left).
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the burning of eighty Waldensians in Strasbourg. The image shows a number of individuals already tied to stakes (right) while others are being prepared to be led to the pyres (left).
  • An engraving depicting Dirk Willems, who as later burned at the stake, rescuing his pursuer from an icy body of water.
    Still image

    Frederic Willemsz, pris et brulé hors d'Asperen, A. 1569

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting Dirk Willems, who as later burned at the stake, rescuing his pursuer from an icy body of water.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting Dirk Willems, who as later burned at the stake, rescuing his pursuer from an icy body of water.
  • An engraving depicting the torture of Geleyn Corneliusz. The image depicts Corneliusz hanging from a crossbeam by one wrist, a weight tied around his opposite ankle, while his torturers play cards on the other side of the room.
    Still image

    Geleyn Cornelisz, cruellement mis à la torture, et ensuite brulé, A. 1572

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the torture of Geleyn Corneliusz. The image depicts Corneliusz hanging from a crossbeam by one wrist, a weight tied around his opposite ankle, while his torturers play cards on the other side of the room.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the torture of Geleyn Corneliusz. The image depicts Corneliusz hanging from a crossbeam by one wrist, a weight tied around his opposite ankle, while his torturers play cards on the other side of the room.
  • An engraving depicting the imprisonment of George Wanger. The image shows Wanger chained to a wall in a prison, lying on a bed of straw.
    Still image

    George Wanger decapité à Brixen, A. 1591

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the imprisonment of George Wanger. The image shows Wanger chained to a wall in a prison, lying on a bed of straw.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the imprisonment of George Wanger. The image shows Wanger chained to a wall in a prison, lying on a bed of straw.
  • An engraving depicting a number of Waldensians and Albigenses, called "Publicans," being burned. The image shows a bound man being pushed into a bonfire, where several others have already been thrown, as a bishop and priest watch.
    Still image

    Grand nombre de Chrétiens brulez sous le nom de Publicains en France et en Angleterre, A. 1182

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting a number of Waldensians and Albigenses, called "Publicans," being burned. The image shows a bound man being pushed into a bonfire, where several others have already been thrown, as a bishop and priest watch.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting a number of Waldensians and Albigenses, called "Publicans," being burned. The image shows a bound man being pushed into a bonfire, where several others have already been thrown, as a bishop and priest watch.
  • An engraving depicting the mass persecution of Anabaptists in Austria. The image shows men being led away in chains as their families weap and pray for them.
    Still image

    Grande Persecution dans l'Autriche, A. 1540

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the mass persecution of Anabaptists in Austria. The image shows men being led away in chains as their families weap and pray for them.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the mass persecution of Anabaptists in Austria. The image shows men being led away in chains as their families weap and pray for them.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of Willem Janss. The image shows Janss stepping up onto a bundle of wood beside a post as a monk and crowd watch.
    Still image

    Guillaume Iansz, de Durgerdam, brulé à Amsterdam, A. 1569

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of Willem Janss. The image shows Janss stepping up onto a bundle of wood beside a post as a monk and crowd watch.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of Willem Janss. The image shows Janss stepping up onto a bundle of wood beside a post as a monk and crowd watch.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of William White, a preacher and accused heretic. The image shows william standing before the stake he is to be burned at, while a bishop oversees the proceedings.
    Still image

    Guillaume White, Prêtre en Angleterre brulé comme héretique à Nordwich, A. 1428

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of William White, a preacher and accused heretic. The image shows william standing before the stake he is to be burned at, while a bishop oversees the proceedings.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of William White, a preacher and accused heretic. The image shows william standing before the stake he is to be burned at, while a bishop oversees the proceedings.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of Heyndrick Eemkens. The image shows Eemkens bound by his neck to a post (right) and his executioner holding out a burning bundle of straw laced with gunpowder towards him.
    Still image

    Henri Eemkens, brulé à Utrecht, A. 1562

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of Heyndrick Eemkens. The image shows Eemkens bound by his neck to a post (right) and his executioner holding out a burning bundle of straw laced with gunpowder towards him.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of Heyndrick Eemkens. The image shows Eemkens bound by his neck to a post (right) and his executioner holding out a burning bundle of straw laced with gunpowder towards him.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of Hendrick Pruyt. The image shows Pruyt siting in his boat which has been set aflame.
    Still image

    Henri Pruyt, garotté dans son bateau, et brulé avec lui hors de Worcom, A. 1574

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of Hendrick Pruyt. The image shows Pruyt siting in his boat which has been set aflame.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of Hendrick Pruyt. The image shows Pruyt siting in his boat which has been set aflame.
  • An engraving depicting the executin of Hendrick Sumer and Jacob Mandel. The image shows Mandel's body laid out before Sumer in an attempt to convince him to recant.
    Still image

    Henri Sumer et Iacob Mandel noyez à Baden, A. 1582

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the executin of Hendrick Sumer and Jacob Mandel. The image shows Mandel's body laid out before Sumer in an attempt to convince him to recant.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the executin of Hendrick Sumer and Jacob Mandel. The image shows Mandel's body laid out before Sumer in an attempt to convince him to recant.
  • An engraving depicting a debate between Jacob de Roore, the Chandler, and Friar Cornelius before de Roore's execution. The image shows de Roore chained in a dungeon, sitting across from the friar and two noblemen as they debate.
    Still image

    I. de Keersemaker, disputé avec Broer Cornelis à Bruges et ensuite brulé, A. 1569

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting a debate between Jacob de Roore, the Chandler, and Friar Cornelius before de Roore's execution. The image shows de Roore chained in a dungeon, sitting across from the friar and two noblemen as they debate.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting a debate between Jacob de Roore, the Chandler, and Friar Cornelius before de Roore's execution. The image shows de Roore chained in a dungeon, sitting across from the friar and two noblemen as they debate.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of Jacob Dircks and his two older sons. The image shows Dircks and his older sons being led towards a trio of posts where they are to be burned while Dircks' youngest son wraps his arms around his father's neck.
    Still image

    Iacob Dirksz brulé avec ses deux fils à Anvers, A. 1568

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of Jacob Dircks and his two older sons. The image shows Dircks and his older sons being led towards a trio of posts where they are to be burned while Dircks' youngest son wraps his arms around his father's neck.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of Jacob Dircks and his two older sons. The image shows Dircks and his older sons being led towards a trio of posts where they are to be burned while Dircks' youngest son wraps his arms around his father's neck.
  • An engraving depicting the imprisonment of Jaques d'Auchy. The image shows d'Auchy chained in a prison (right) with his wife standing before him as the guard urges her to leave.
    Still image

    Iaques d'Auchy, tué à Leuwarde, A. 1559

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the imprisonment of Jaques d'Auchy. The image shows d'Auchy chained in a prison (right) with his wife standing before him as the guard urges her to leave.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the imprisonment of Jaques d'Auchy. The image shows d'Auchy chained in a prison (right) with his wife standing before him as the guard urges her to leave.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of Jan Bosch. The image shows Bosch praying within a burning straw frame as an executioner watches.
    Still image

    Iean Bosch, brulé à Mastricht, A. 1559

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of Jan Bosch. The image shows Bosch praying within a burning straw frame as an executioner watches.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of Jan Bosch. The image shows Bosch praying within a burning straw frame as an executioner watches.
  • An engraving depicting the torture of Hans Bret. The image shows a torturer afixing a vise around Bret's tongue and preparing to heat it with an iron.
    Still image

    Iean Bret, Anglois, brulé, la bouche fermée avec une vis, à Anvers, A. 1576

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the torture of Hans Bret. The image shows a torturer afixing a vise around Bret's tongue and preparing to heat it with an iron.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the torture of Hans Bret. The image shows a torturer afixing a vise around Bret's tongue and preparing to heat it with an iron.
  • An engraving depicting Hans Knevel before the margrave. The image shows Knevel, bound and with a chain on his leg, brought before the margrave after being arrested.
    Still image

    Iean Knevel, brulé à Anvers, A. 1572

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting Hans Knevel before the margrave. The image shows Knevel, bound and with a chain on his leg, brought before the margrave after being arrested.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting Hans Knevel before the margrave. The image shows Knevel, bound and with a chain on his leg, brought before the margrave after being arrested.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of Hans Misel. The image shows Misel kneeling with blood spurting from his neck as his head lays on the ground beside him, his executioner moving to kick is body over as a crowd watches.
    Still image

    Iean Misel, decapité à Warthausen, A. 1571

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of Hans Misel. The image shows Misel kneeling with blood spurting from his neck as his head lays on the ground beside him, his executioner moving to kick is body over as a crowd watches.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of Hans Misel. The image shows Misel kneeling with blood spurting from his neck as his head lays on the ground beside him, his executioner moving to kick is body over as a crowd watches.
  • An engraving depicting the arrest of Hans Smit and his congregation. The image shows a number of men, women, and an infant being bound and led out of a house by guards with halberds.
    Still image

    Iean Smit et onze autres tuez à Aix la Chapelle, A. 1558

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the arrest of Hans Smit and his congregation. The image shows a number of men, women, and an infant being bound and led out of a house by guards with halberds.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the arrest of Hans Smit and his congregation. The image shows a number of men, women, and an infant being bound and led out of a house by guards with halberds.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of Jan Smit. The image shows Smit hung by the ankle from a gallows outside of Haarlem.
    Still image

    Iean Smit, pendu hors de Harlem, A. 1572

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of Jan Smit. The image shows Smit hung by the ankle from a gallows outside of Haarlem.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of Jan Smit. The image shows Smit hung by the ankle from a gallows outside of Haarlem.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of Jan Wouterss van Kuyck and Adriaen Jans of Molenaersgraef. The image shows Jans being bound to a post atop an execution platform while Wouterss addresses the crowd.
    Still image

    Iean Woutersz, de Kuyk et Adrienne Ians de Molenaarsgraaf brulez a Dordrecht, A. 1572

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of Jan Wouterss van Kuyck and Adriaen Jans of Molenaersgraef. The image shows Jans being bound to a post atop an execution platform while Wouterss addresses the crowd.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of Jan Wouterss van Kuyck and Adriaen Jans of Molenaersgraef. The image shows Jans being bound to a post atop an execution platform while Wouterss addresses the crowd.
  • An engraving depicting the arrest of Hans van Overdam in the woods outside of Ghent. The image shows a group of men wielding clubs approaching van Overdam and his companion while a group of mounted men wait in the distance.
    Still image

    Iean d'Overdam tué a Gand, A. 1550

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the arrest of Hans van Overdam in the woods outside of Ghent. The image shows a group of men wielding clubs approaching van Overdam and his companion while a group of mounted men wait in the distance.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the arrest of Hans van Overdam in the woods outside of Ghent. The image shows a group of men wielding clubs approaching van Overdam and his companion while a group of mounted men wait in the distance.
  • An engraving depicting the arrest of Hans van den Wege. The image shows van den Wege being aprehended by guardsmen on horseback while at the fishmarket.
    Still image

    Iean vanden Wegen, pris aux Marché aux poissons à Gand, et ensuite brulé, A. 1570

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the arrest of Hans van den Wege. The image shows van den Wege being aprehended by guardsmen on horseback while at the fishmarket.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the arrest of Hans van den Wege. The image shows van den Wege being aprehended by guardsmen on horseback while at the fishmarket.
  • An engraving depicting the torture of Joost Joosten before his execution. The image shows a young man seated and bound as three torturers drive spikes through his knees and out the tops of his ankles.
    Still image

    Ioost, horriblement tourmenté, et ensuite brulé a ter Veer en'Zelande, A. 1560

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the torture of Joost Joosten before his execution. The image shows a young man seated and bound as three torturers drive spikes through his knees and out the tops of his ankles.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the torture of Joost Joosten before his execution. The image shows a young man seated and bound as three torturers drive spikes through his knees and out the tops of his ankles.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of Ioris Wippe. The image shows Wippe bound and standing backwards in front of a wine barrel in a dungeon as another man pushes him backwards towards the filled barrel.
    Still image

    Ioris Wippe, noyé dans un tonneau à Dordrecht, A. 1558

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of Ioris Wippe. The image shows Wippe bound and standing backwards in front of a wine barrel in a dungeon as another man pushes him backwards towards the filled barrel.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of Ioris Wippe. The image shows Wippe bound and standing backwards in front of a wine barrel in a dungeon as another man pushes him backwards towards the filled barrel.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of Joriaen Simons, Clement Dirks, and Marie Joris. The image shows the two figures being burnt at the stake (left) and a crowd of people rescuing books, which had belonged to Simons, from a fire.
    Still image

    Iuriaan Simons, Clement Dirksz, et Marie Ioris brulez à Harlem, A. 1557

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of Joriaen Simons, Clement Dirks, and Marie Joris. The image shows the two figures being burnt at the stake (left) and a crowd of people rescuing books, which had belonged to Simons, from a fire.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of Joriaen Simons, Clement Dirks, and Marie Joris. The image shows the two figures being burnt at the stake (left) and a crowd of people rescuing books, which had belonged to Simons, from a fire.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of Johan Knel (or possibly Büchner). The image shows Knel being bound to a stake with bundles of wood placed beneath as a monk attempts to plead with him.
    Still image

    Jean Knel brulé à Londres, A. 1550

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of Johan Knel (or possibly Büchner). The image shows Knel being bound to a stake with bundles of wood placed beneath as a monk attempts to plead with him.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of Johan Knel (or possibly Büchner). The image shows Knel being bound to a stake with bundles of wood placed beneath as a monk attempts to plead with him.
  • An engraving depicting Lauwerens Janss Noodtdruft being led to execution. The image shows Noodtdruft bound and flanked by guards and a monk.
    Still image

    Laurens Iansz Nooddruft, de Delft, brulé à Anvers, A. 1577

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting Lauwerens Janss Noodtdruft being led to execution. The image shows Noodtdruft bound and flanked by guards and a monk.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting Lauwerens Janss Noodtdruft being led to execution. The image shows Noodtdruft bound and flanked by guards and a monk.
  • An engraving depicting the persecution of Protestants under King Sigismund in Poland. The image shows two clergymen overseeing the beating and murder of people in the streets and the burning of a building.
    Still image

    Les Chretiens en Pologne persecuté par leur Roi Sigismond, l'an 1617

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the persecution of Protestants under King Sigismund in Poland. The image shows two clergymen overseeing the beating and murder of people in the streets and the burning of a building.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the persecution of Protestants under King Sigismund in Poland. The image shows two clergymen overseeing the beating and murder of people in the streets and the burning of a building.
  • An engraving depicting Hungarian Protestant priests forced into labor aboard Neopolitan galleys. The image shows groups of priests being placed on small boats for transfer to galleys (background) in Naples.
    Still image

    Les Ministres Hongroir envoyé aux Galleres, l'an 1674

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting Hungarian Protestant priests forced into labor aboard Neopolitan galleys. The image shows groups of priests being placed on small boats for transfer to galleys (background) in Naples.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting Hungarian Protestant priests forced into labor aboard Neopolitan galleys. The image shows groups of priests being placed on small boats for transfer to galleys (background) in Naples.
  • An engraving depicting the mass persecution of Anabaptists in Switzerland. The image shows a woman being arrested and pulled from her home while other groups of guards search houses in the background.
    Still image

    Les Persecutions en Suisse, A. 1637

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the mass persecution of Anabaptists in Switzerland. The image shows a woman being arrested and pulled from her home while other groups of guards search houses in the background.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the mass persecution of Anabaptists in Switzerland. The image shows a woman being arrested and pulled from her home while other groups of guards search houses in the background.
  • An engraving depicting the persecution and disposession of the Huguenots. The image shows a group of Huguenots being arrested (foreground) while a church and town are destroyed (background).
    Still image

    Les Reformés persecutés à Marmande en France, l'an 1684

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the persecution and disposession of the Huguenots. The image shows a group of Huguenots being arrested (foreground) while a church and town are destroyed (background).
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the persecution and disposession of the Huguenots. The image shows a group of Huguenots being arrested (foreground) while a church and town are destroyed (background).
  • An engraving depicting the torture of Anabaptists in the Netherlands under the rule of the Duke of Alba. The image shows torturers afixing vises to the tongues of two men and heating them with iron (left and right) and a number of individuals being burned at the stake (background).
    Still image

    Les cruautez du Duc d'Albe dans les Pais-bas, l'an 1567

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the torture of Anabaptists in the Netherlands under the rule of the Duke of Alba. The image shows torturers afixing vises to the tongues of two men and heating them with iron (left and right) and a number of individuals being burned at the stake (background).
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the torture of Anabaptists in the Netherlands under the rule of the Duke of Alba. The image shows torturers afixing vises to the tongues of two men and heating them with iron (left and right) and a number of individuals being burned at the stake (background).
  • An engraving depicting the persecution, torture, and murder of Huguenots in Niort. The image shows a man being buried alive (bottom left), a woman being beaten (bottom right), a man being dropped into a well (bottom center), and people being hanged and beaten (background left).
    Still image

    Les cruautez du President Marsaut, a Niort, l'an 1684

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the persecution, torture, and murder of Huguenots in Niort. The image shows a man being buried alive (bottom left), a woman being beaten (bottom right), a man being dropped into a well (bottom center), and people being hanged and beaten (background left).
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the persecution, torture, and murder of Huguenots in Niort. The image shows a man being buried alive (bottom left), a woman being beaten (bottom right), a man being dropped into a well (bottom center), and people being hanged and beaten (background left).
  • An engraving depicting the execution of Leonhard Bernkopff. The image shows Bernkopff bound to a stake while a man stokes a fire beside him.
    Still image

    Léonard Bernkop brulé à Saltzbourg, A. 1542

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of Leonhard Bernkopff. The image shows Bernkopff bound to a stake while a man stokes a fire beside him.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of Leonhard Bernkopff. The image shows Bernkopff bound to a stake while a man stokes a fire beside him.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of Leonhard Kaiser, a Lutheran martyr. The image shows Kaiser reaching down to pick a flower as he is carted towards a large bonfire in the background.
    Still image

    Léonard Keyser, Pretre, brulé comme héretique à Schardingen, A. 1527

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of Leonhard Kaiser, a Lutheran martyr. The image shows Kaiser reaching down to pick a flower as he is carted towards a large bonfire in the background.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of Leonhard Kaiser, a Lutheran martyr. The image shows Kaiser reaching down to pick a flower as he is carted towards a large bonfire in the background.
  • An engraving depicting the aftermath of the execution of Marie Wens. The image shows Wens' sons searching through the ashes of their mother's pyre for something to remember her.
    Still image

    Marie Wens étant brulée la bouche fermée avec une vis, son fils vient chercher cette vis pour en garder le souvenir, A. 1573

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the aftermath of the execution of Marie Wens. The image shows Wens' sons searching through the ashes of their mother's pyre for something to remember her.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the aftermath of the execution of Marie Wens. The image shows Wens' sons searching through the ashes of their mother's pyre for something to remember her.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of a woman, Maria. The image shows Maria being bound at the edge of a dock, and as she removes her own outer garments, a monk attempts to encourage her to renounce her faith.
    Still image

    Marie, noyée à Monjou, A. 1552

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of a woman, Maria. The image shows Maria being bound at the edge of a dock, and as she removes her own outer garments, a monk attempts to encourage her to renounce her faith.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of a woman, Maria. The image shows Maria being bound at the edge of a dock, and as she removes her own outer garments, a monk attempts to encourage her to renounce her faith.
  • An engraving depicting the massacre of Anabaptists under the orders of the Bishop of Chur. The image shows two men shooting a third with rifles while standing over two bodies (foreground), people being thrown from windows (background, center), and people being hanged (background left).
    Still image

    Massacre dans la Ville de Tiran, par l'Evêque de Chur, pres l'an 1606

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the massacre of Anabaptists under the orders of the Bishop of Chur. The image shows two men shooting a third with rifles while standing over two bodies (foreground), people being thrown from windows (background, center), and people being hanged (background left).
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the massacre of Anabaptists under the orders of the Bishop of Chur. The image shows two men shooting a third with rifles while standing over two bodies (foreground), people being thrown from windows (background, center), and people being hanged (background left).
  • An engraving depicting the Siege of Magdeburg during the Thirty Years' War. The image shows the invading forces murdering civilians and burning the city.
    Still image

    Massacre de Tilly à Magdebourg, l'an 1631

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the Siege of Magdeburg during the Thirty Years' War. The image shows the invading forces murdering civilians and burning the city.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the Siege of Magdeburg during the Thirty Years' War. The image shows the invading forces murdering civilians and burning the city.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of Mattheus Mair. The image shows Mair, bound, being lowered into a river as a crowd watches.
    Still image

    Matthieu Mair, noyé à Wier, A. 1592

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of Mattheus Mair. The image shows Mair, bound, being lowered into a river as a crowd watches.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of Mattheus Mair. The image shows Mair, bound, being lowered into a river as a crowd watches.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of Matthias Servaes. The image shows Servaes being led towards the execution site with hands held in prayer (right) while a young man (left) and woman (right) who had wished to speak with him and were apprehended are ordered to be releasted by a nobleman (right, on horse).
    Still image

    Matthieu Servaas, decapité à Cologne, A. 1565

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of Matthias Servaes. The image shows Servaes being led towards the execution site with hands held in prayer (right) while a young man (left) and woman (right) who had wished to speak with him and were apprehended are ordered to be releasted by a nobleman (right, on horse).
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of Matthias Servaes. The image shows Servaes being led towards the execution site with hands held in prayer (right) while a young man (left) and woman (right) who had wished to speak with him and were apprehended are ordered to be releasted by a nobleman (right, on horse).
  • An engraving depicting the torture and forced labor of Protestant priests in Hungary. The image shows the priests digging and hauling dirt in work parties under the watch of overseers.
    Still image

    Miseres fait aux Ministres Protestans en Hongrie en l'an 1674

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the torture and forced labor of Protestant priests in Hungary. The image shows the priests digging and hauling dirt in work parties under the watch of overseers.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the torture and forced labor of Protestant priests in Hungary. The image shows the priests digging and hauling dirt in work parties under the watch of overseers.
  • An engraving depicting the persecution of Anabaptists under Ferdinand II. The image shows a man being arrested while books are being burned behind him (left), a town being destroyed (background), and the belongings of families being siezed (right).
    Still image

    Persecutions fuit par Ferdinand Archiduc de Grats, pres l'an 1600

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the persecution of Anabaptists under Ferdinand II. The image shows a man being arrested while books are being burned behind him (left), a town being destroyed (background), and the belongings of families being siezed (right).
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the persecution of Anabaptists under Ferdinand II. The image shows a man being arrested while books are being burned behind him (left), a town being destroyed (background), and the belongings of families being siezed (right).
  • An engraving depicting Pieter Pieters Beckjen, who was later burned at the stake, preaching to a group in his boat. The image shows a group of nine gathered in a boat while a man at the bow reads from a Bible, the city of Amsterdam visible behind them.
    Still image

    Pierre Pietersz Bekjen, brulé à Amsterdam, A. 1596 [1569]

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting Pieter Pieters Beckjen, who was later burned at the stake, preaching to a group in his boat. The image shows a group of nine gathered in a boat while a man at the bow reads from a Bible, the city of Amsterdam visible behind them.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting Pieter Pieters Beckjen, who was later burned at the stake, preaching to a group in his boat. The image shows a group of nine gathered in a boat while a man at the bow reads from a Bible, the city of Amsterdam visible behind them.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of seven Anabaptists. The image shows the prisioners facing a man on a horse and (presumably) professing their faith whiel an executioner prepares to behead them.
    Still image

    Sept fréres decapitez à Gemunde en Souabe, A. 1529

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of seven Anabaptists. The image shows the prisioners facing a man on a horse and (presumably) professing their faith whiel an executioner prepares to behead them.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of seven Anabaptists. The image shows the prisioners facing a man on a horse and (presumably) professing their faith whiel an executioner prepares to behead them.
  • An engraving depicting the shopkeeper, Simon, refusing to worship the crucifix. The image shows Simon (right) standing resolutely as other kneeling citizens try to encourage him to kneel before the passing procession of the crucifix.
    Still image

    Simon, mercier, brulé à Bergue-op-Zoom, A. 1553

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the shopkeeper, Simon, refusing to worship the crucifix. The image shows Simon (right) standing resolutely as other kneeling citizens try to encourage him to kneel before the passing procession of the crucifix.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the shopkeeper, Simon, refusing to worship the crucifix. The image shows Simon (right) standing resolutely as other kneeling citizens try to encourage him to kneel before the passing procession of the crucifix.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of six men and two women. The image shows the victims bound to stakes and being burned as various clergymen watch.
    Still image

    Six fréres et deux soeurs brulées à Amsterdam, A. 1549

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of six men and two women. The image shows the victims bound to stakes and being burned as various clergymen watch.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of six men and two women. The image shows the victims bound to stakes and being burned as various clergymen watch.
  • An engraving depicting the torture of Waldensians, who Pope Innocent III denounced as heretics, by pressing hot irons to their hands. The image shows a clergyman holding a burning iron above the hand of a Waldensian while a crowd watches.
    Still image

    Torture donnée aux Vaudois avec du fer ardent dans la main, A. 1214

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the torture of Waldensians, who Pope Innocent III denounced as heretics, by pressing hot irons to their hands. The image shows a clergyman holding a burning iron above the hand of a Waldensian while a crowd watches.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the torture of Waldensians, who Pope Innocent III denounced as heretics, by pressing hot irons to their hands. The image shows a clergyman holding a burning iron above the hand of a Waldensian while a crowd watches.
  • An engraving depicting the torture of Ursel, a schoolteacher. The image shows Ursel hung by her wrists from a post in a torture chamber being scourged by a man while a crowd watches.
    Still image

    Urselle, Maitresse d'ecole, mise à la torture, fouetée, et ensuite brulée, A. 1570

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the torture of Ursel, a schoolteacher. The image shows Ursel hung by her wrists from a post in a torture chamber being scourged by a man while a crowd watches.
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the torture of Ursel, a schoolteacher. The image shows Ursel hung by her wrists from a post in a torture chamber being scourged by a man while a crowd watches.
  • An engraving depicting the torture of Huguenots in Poitou. The image shows a man bound and forced to drink through a funnel (bottom right), a man having his hand boiled (center left), and a man forced to inhale smoke from a pipe (background center).
    Still image

    [Pe]rsecution par l'Intendent de Marillac en Poitou, l'an 1685

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the torture of Huguenots in Poitou. The image shows a man bound and forced to drink through a funnel (bottom right), a man having his hand boiled (center left), and a man forced to inhale smoke from a pipe (background center).
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the torture of Huguenots in Poitou. The image shows a man bound and forced to drink through a funnel (bottom right), a man having his hand boiled (center left), and a man forced to inhale smoke from a pipe (background center).
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