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An engraving depicting the execution of Algerius, a student from Padua. The image shows Algerius being drenched in boiling oil as he stands before a prepared stake and pyre while a monk attempts to convince him to repent.

An engraving depicting the execution of Algerius, a student from Padua. The image shows Algerius being drenched in boiling oil as he stands before a prepared stake and pyre while a monk attempts to convince him to repent.

An engraving depicting the martyrdom of Saint Cassian of Imola. The image shows Cassian bound and stabbed with styli (writing implements used with wax tablets) by his students.

An engraving depicting the martyrdom of Saint Cassian of Imola. The image shows Cassian bound and stabbed with styli (writing implements used with wax tablets) by his students.

An engraving depicting various tortures and executions of Christians during the persecutions ordered under Emperors Diocletian and Maximian. The image shows five different methods of crucifixion (right), people being burned at the stake (center, background), a man being beaten (center), a figure being attacked by dogs (bottom left), and a figure being stabbed, covered in oil, and burned (left), all while the Emperors watch (top left, background).

An engraving depicting various tortures and executions of Christians during the persecutions ordered under Emperors Diocletian and Maximian. The image shows five different methods of crucifixion (right), people being burned at the stake (center, background), a man being beaten (center), a figure being attacked by dogs (bottom left), and a figure being stabbed, covered in oil, and burned (left), all while the Emperors watch (top left, background).

An engraving depicting the execution and torture of some 350 people in Alzey on the orders of the Holy Roman Emperor. The image shows a man having his fingers removed with a chisel (right), a man being blindfolded in preparation for beheading (center), and a bound man with a cross burned onto his forehead (left).

An engraving depicting the execution and torture of some 350 people in Alzey on the orders of the Holy Roman Emperor. The image shows a man having his fingers removed with a chisel (right), a man being blindfolded in preparation for beheading (center), and a bound man with a cross burned onto his forehead (left).

An engraving depicting the torture of Geleyn Corneliusz. The image depicts Corneliusz hanging from a crossbeam by one wrist, a weight tied around his opposite ankle, while his torturers play cards on the other side of the room.

An engraving depicting the torture of Geleyn Corneliusz. The image depicts Corneliusz hanging from a crossbeam by one wrist, a weight tied around his opposite ankle, while his torturers play cards on the other side of the room.

An engraving depicting the torture of Hans Bret. The image shows a torturer afixing a vise around Bret's tongue and preparing to heat it with an iron.

An engraving depicting the torture of Hans Bret. The image shows a torturer afixing a vise around Bret's tongue and preparing to heat it with an iron.

An engraving depicting the torture of Joost Joosten before his execution. The image shows a young man seated and bound as three torturers drive spikes through his knees and out the tops of his ankles.

An engraving depicting the torture of Joost Joosten before his execution. The image shows a young man seated and bound as three torturers drive spikes through his knees and out the tops of his ankles.

An engraving depicting the martyrdom of Julitta and her child, Cyricus. The image shows Julitta tied to a post and being whipped (left), a hook for torture on the ground beside her, and the governor of Tarsus holding Julitta's child, Cyricus, by the legs, preparing to throw him down a staircase (right).

An engraving depicting the martyrdom of Julitta and her child, Cyricus. The image shows Julitta tied to a post and being whipped (left), a hook for torture on the ground beside her, and the governor of Tarsus holding Julitta's child, Cyricus, by the legs, preparing to throw him down a staircase (right).

A pair of engravings depicting a pair of officials conducting the trial of a man during the Inquisition (top) and a dungeon where various methods of torture are being employed by Inquisitors during questioning (bottom).

A pair of engravings depicting a pair of officials conducting the trial of a man during the Inquisition (top) and a dungeon where various methods of torture are being employed by Inquisitors during questioning (bottom).

An engraving depicting the torture of Anabaptists in the Netherlands under the rule of the Duke of Alba. The image shows torturers afixing vises to the tongues of two men and heating them with iron (left and right) and a number of individuals being burned at the stake (background).

An engraving depicting the torture of Anabaptists in the Netherlands under the rule of the Duke of Alba. The image shows torturers afixing vises to the tongues of two men and heating them with iron (left and right) and a number of individuals being burned at the stake (background).

An engraving depicting the persecution, torture, and murder of Huguenots in Niort. The image shows a man being buried alive (bottom left), a woman being beaten (bottom right), a man being dropped into a well (bottom center), and people being hanged and beaten (background left).

An engraving depicting the persecution, torture, and murder of Huguenots in Niort. The image shows a man being buried alive (bottom left), a woman being beaten (bottom right), a man being dropped into a well (bottom center), and people being hanged and beaten (background left).

An engraving depicting the Portadown massacre. The image shows people being cut apart and roasted over a fire (foreground) and being pushed en masse off a bridge into the River Bann (background).

An engraving depicting the Portadown massacre. The image shows people being cut apart and roasted over a fire (foreground) and being pushed en masse off a bridge into the River Bann (background).

An engraving depicting the torture and forced labor of Protestant priests in Hungary. The image shows the priests digging and hauling dirt in work parties under the watch of overseers.

An engraving depicting the torture and forced labor of Protestant priests in Hungary. The image shows the priests digging and hauling dirt in work parties under the watch of overseers.

An engraved ornamental tailpiece to the preface of the section on the Inquisition, depicting the torture of heretics.

An engraved ornamental tailpiece to the preface of the section on the Inquisition, depicting the torture of heretics.

An engraving depicting the torture of Origen. The image shows Origen chained to a prison wall by his neck, his hands clasped in prayer and feet locked in a stocks, while torturers head coals and hold burning straw towards him.

An engraving depicting the torture of Origen. The image shows Origen chained to a prison wall by his neck, his hands clasped in prayer and feet locked in a stocks, while torturers head coals and hold burning straw towards him.

An engraving depicting the torture of Saints Tarachus, Probus, and Andronicus before their martyrdom. The image shows one of the saints standing before the governor Numerian Maximus, while implements of torture, including hot coals, appear in the foreground and background.

An engraving depicting the torture of Saints Tarachus, Probus, and Andronicus before their martyrdom. The image shows one of the saints standing before the governor Numerian Maximus, while implements of torture, including hot coals, appear in the foreground and background.

An engraving depicting the martyrdom of Saints Tarachus, Probus, and Andronicus. The image shows the three men lying in an arena, praying and appealing to heaven as they are surrounded by a lion and bear which refuse to attack them.

An engraving depicting the martyrdom of Saints Tarachus, Probus, and Andronicus. The image shows the three men lying in an arena, praying and appealing to heaven as they are surrounded by a lion and bear which refuse to attack them.

An engraving depicting the torture of Waldensians, who Pope Innocent III denounced as heretics, by pressing hot irons to their hands. The image shows a clergyman holding a burning iron above the hand of a Waldensian while a crowd watches.

An engraving depicting the torture of Waldensians, who Pope Innocent III denounced as heretics, by pressing hot irons to their hands. The image shows a clergyman holding a burning iron above the hand of a Waldensian while a crowd watches.

An engraving depicting the torture of Ursel, a schoolteacher. The image shows Ursel hung by her wrists from a post in a torture chamber being scourged by a man while a crowd watches.

An engraving depicting the torture of Ursel, a schoolteacher. The image shows Ursel hung by her wrists from a post in a torture chamber being scourged by a man while a crowd watches.

An engraving depicting the torture of Huguenots in Poitou. The image shows a man bound and forced to drink through a funnel (bottom right), a man having his hand boiled (center left), and a man forced to inhale smoke from a pipe (background center).

An engraving depicting the torture of Huguenots in Poitou. The image shows a man bound and forced to drink through a funnel (bottom right), a man having his hand boiled (center left), and a man forced to inhale smoke from a pipe (background center).