Richard C. Kessler Reformation Collection
The Richard C. Kessler Reformation Collection was established in 1987, when Richard and Martha Kessler donated their private collection of Reformation imprints and manuscripts to Emory University. These materials were combined with Reformation holdings at the Pitts Theology Library, and an effort was launched to enlarge and sustain this collection in the years to come. An advisory committee of Lutheran laypersons and clergy and of Candler School of Theology faculty and administrators oversees the nurture of the collection and its programs. The Reformation Notes newsletter provides semiannual updates on the growth of the collection, and the Reformation Day at Emory program of music and lectures each October celebrates the collection and its contributions to music, history, and theology. In the sixteenth century the social and theological movements of central Europe, known collectively as the Reformation, critically shaped religion, law, education and other institutions in the West, and their long shadow has extended even to the present. The purpose of the Kessler Collection is to document these changes by collecting print and manuscript materials down to 1570 by Martin Luther (1483-1546) and those whom he influenced or engaged in debate. In this way historians and theologians will be able to hear the full range of voices that were raised in this dynamic period. The holdings of the collection now exceed 4,000 items, a mark approximated by only two other libraries in North America; no American library approaches the Kessler Collection's 1,000+ publications by Luther himself.
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Still imageThe Merchant
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) pulling on the coat of a merchant selling his wares on a wharf. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Proverbs 21 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) pulling on the coat of a merchant selling his wares on a wharf. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Proverbs 21 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Rich Man
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) filling a basket with coins from a pile on a table surrounded by chests and sacks as a man attempts to send the skeleton away. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Luke 7 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) filling a basket with coins from a pile on a table surrounded by chests and sacks as a man attempts to send the skeleton away. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Luke 7 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Astrologer
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) inspecting a skull as an astrologer studies a globe. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Job 38 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) inspecting a skull as an astrologer studies a globe. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Job 38 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Physician
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) visiting a physician and holding out a flask, while holding the hand of an old man with a cane. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Luke 4 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) visiting a physician and holding out a flask, while holding the hand of an old man with a cane. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Luke 4 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Old Woman
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting two skeletons, representing death, dancing around an old woman. A broken hourglass, representing time, sits on the ground in the lower left-hand corner. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Ecclesiastes 30 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).A woodcut depicting two skeletons, representing death, dancing around an old woman. A broken hourglass, representing time, sits on the ground in the lower left-hand corner. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Ecclesiastes 30 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Nun
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a nun kneeling at an altar to pray as a skeleton (= Death) puts out the candles. The nun is distracted from her prayers by a young man sitting on the bed playing a lute. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Proverbs 14 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).A woodcut depicting a nun kneeling at an altar to pray as a skeleton (= Death) puts out the candles. The nun is distracted from her prayers by a young man sitting on the bed playing a lute. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Proverbs 14 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Monk
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a monk fleeing from a skeleton (= Death). In the lower left corner, an hourglass sits on the ground as a representation of mortality. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Psalms 106 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).A woodcut depicting a monk fleeing from a skeleton (= Death). In the lower left corner, an hourglass sits on the ground as a representation of mortality. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Psalms 106 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Vicar
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) leading a procession with a vicar holding the host in a monstrance. The skeleton rings a bell in his left hand and holds a lantern in his right, while holding an hourglass underneath his arm. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Wisdom of Solomon 7 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) leading a procession with a vicar holding the host in a monstrance. The skeleton rings a bell in his left hand and holds a lantern in his right, while holding an hourglass underneath his arm. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Wisdom of Solomon 7 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Preacher
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a preacher speaking to his congregation as a skeleton (= Death) taps on his shoulder holding an hourglass. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Isaiah 5 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).A woodcut depicting a preacher speaking to his congregation as a skeleton (= Death) taps on his shoulder holding an hourglass. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Isaiah 5 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Councillor
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) kneeling below a councillor holding an hourglass, as a beggar approaches the councillor and a demon blows air in the councillor’s ear. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Proverbs 21 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) kneeling below a councillor holding an hourglass, as a beggar approaches the councillor and a demon blows air in the councillor’s ear. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Proverbs 21 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Advocate
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) holding an hourglass representing mortality above an advocate as he takes payment from another man. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Proverbs 22 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) holding an hourglass representing mortality above an advocate as he takes payment from another man. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Proverbs 22 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Judge
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) looking over a judge sitting in a chair as it tries to take the rod which symbolizes his authority. Two men stand before the judge: one is seen reaching into his purse to offer a bribe (which the judge appears eager to accept), while the other awaits his sentence. On the floor an hourglass, the reminder of human mortality, has been knocked over. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Amos 2 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) looking over a judge sitting in a chair as it tries to take the rod which symbolizes his authority. Two men stand before the judge: one is seen reaching into his purse to offer a bribe (which the judge appears eager to accept), while the other awaits his sentence. On the floor an hourglass, the reminder of human mortality, has been knocked over. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Amos 2 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Canon
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a canon holding an hourglass as he is led into a building by a skeleton, representing Death. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Matthew 26 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).A woodcut depicting a canon holding an hourglass as he is led into a building by a skeleton, representing Death. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Matthew 26 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Nobleman
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a nobleman fighting with a skeleton which represents Death. Behind the nobleman is an hourglass representing human mortality. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Psalms 88 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).A woodcut depicting a nobleman fighting with a skeleton which represents Death. Behind the nobleman is an hourglass representing human mortality. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Psalms 88 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Abbess
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) leading an abbess away. The abbess holds a rosary in her hands and a crosier underneath her arm. In the bottom left-hand corner is an hourglass representing human mortality. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Ecclesiastes 4 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) leading an abbess away. The abbess holds a rosary in her hands and a crosier underneath her arm. In the bottom left-hand corner is an hourglass representing human mortality. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Ecclesiastes 4 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Abbot
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton dressed as a bishop with a mitre and crosier, and representing death, taking the cloak of an abbot who holds a prayer book. In the tree is an hourglass representing human mortality. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Proverbs 5 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).A woodcut depicting a skeleton dressed as a bishop with a mitre and crosier, and representing death, taking the cloak of an abbot who holds a prayer book. In the tree is an hourglass representing human mortality. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Proverbs 5 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Duke
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) reaching for a duke, while a woman pleads before him over her child. In the upper left-hand corner is an hourglass representing human mortality. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Ezekiel 7 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) reaching for a duke, while a woman pleads before him over her child. In the upper left-hand corner is an hourglass representing human mortality. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Ezekiel 7 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Bishop
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) taking a bishop by the hand and leading him from his pasture and flock. The Bishop holds a crosier, while an hourglass rests in the bottom left corner. The woodcut is accompanied by verses from Matthew 26 and Mark 14 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) taking a bishop by the hand and leading him from his pasture and flock. The Bishop holds a crosier, while an hourglass rests in the bottom left corner. The woodcut is accompanied by verses from Matthew 26 and Mark 14 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Queen
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting Death, wearing a jester's cap and holding an hourglass, seizing a queen while her attendants struggle to free her from his grip. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Isaiah 32 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).A woodcut depicting Death, wearing a jester's cap and holding an hourglass, seizing a queen while her attendants struggle to free her from his grip. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Isaiah 32 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Empress
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting Death escorting an empress as she and her court enjoy a walk outside the palace, and pointing out a nearby grave to display the limits of the empress' dominion. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Daniel 4 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).A woodcut depicting Death escorting an empress as she and her court enjoy a walk outside the palace, and pointing out a nearby grave to display the limits of the empress' dominion. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Daniel 4 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe King
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a king resting at a banquet as a skeleton (= Death) pours him something to drink. The hourglass on the table reminds the viewer of human mortality. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Ecclesiastes 10 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).A woodcut depicting a king resting at a banquet as a skeleton (= Death) pours him something to drink. The hourglass on the table reminds the viewer of human mortality. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Ecclesiastes 10 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).