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740 resources
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Richard C. Kessler Reformation Collection
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Still imageThe Dragon Thrown into the Bottomless Pit
Cranach, Lucas, 1472-1553A woodcut depicting an angel locking the dragon, which represents Satan, into a bottomless pit to be bound for a thousand years. The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.Subject - Time PeriodDate Issued or PublishedCollectionCopyrightNO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATESA woodcut depicting an angel locking the dragon, which represents Satan, into a bottomless pit to be bound for a thousand years. The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament. -
Still imageThe Drunkards
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) pouring wine into the mouth of one of a group of revelers as one of his companions vomits over the side of the table. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Ephesians 5 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).Subject - Time PeriodDate Issued or PublishedCollectionCopyrightNO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATESA woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) pouring wine into the mouth of one of a group of revelers as one of his companions vomits over the side of the table. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Ephesians 5 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Duchess
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting two skeletons (= Death) appearing before a duchess in her bed. One skeleton plays the violin, while the other pulls at her bed sheets. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from 2 Kings 1 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).Subject - Time PeriodDate Issued or PublishedCollectionCopyrightNO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATESA woodcut depicting two skeletons (= Death) appearing before a duchess in her bed. One skeleton plays the violin, while the other pulls at her bed sheets. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from 2 Kings 1 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Duke
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) reaching for a duke, while a woman pleads before him over her child. In the upper left-hand corner is an hourglass representing human mortality. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Ezekiel 7 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).Subject - Time PeriodDate Issued or PublishedCollectionCopyrightNO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATESA woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) reaching for a duke, while a woman pleads before him over her child. In the upper left-hand corner is an hourglass representing human mortality. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Ezekiel 7 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Eighth Commandment
A woodcut depicting a trial with a judge, a woman kneeling (the accused), and a man delivering a (presumably false) witness statement, representing a violation of the Eighth Commandment (in the Lutheran tradition), "Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor."Subject - Time PeriodDate Issued or PublishedCollectionCopyrightNO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATESA woodcut depicting a trial with a judge, a woman kneeling (the accused), and a man delivering a (presumably false) witness statement, representing a violation of the Eighth Commandment (in the Lutheran tradition), "Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor." -
Still imageThe Emperor
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting an emperor listening to the petition of one of his subjects. A skeleton, representing death, holds the crown on the emperor’s head, as the emperor holds a broken sword. An orb, a scepter, and an hourglass sit on the ground at his feet. The emperor is also wearing the collar of the Order of the Golden Fleece. The woodcut is accompanied by verses from Isaiah 38 and 22 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).Subject - Time PeriodDate Issued or PublishedCollectionCopyrightNO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATESA woodcut depicting an emperor listening to the petition of one of his subjects. A skeleton, representing death, holds the crown on the emperor’s head, as the emperor holds a broken sword. An orb, a scepter, and an hourglass sit on the ground at his feet. The emperor is also wearing the collar of the Order of the Golden Fleece. The woodcut is accompanied by verses from Isaiah 38 and 22 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Empress
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting Death escorting an empress as she and her court enjoy a walk outside the palace, and pointing out a nearby grave to display the limits of the empress' dominion. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Daniel 4 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).Subject - Time PeriodDate Issued or PublishedCollectionCopyrightNO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATESA woodcut depicting Death escorting an empress as she and her court enjoy a walk outside the palace, and pointing out a nearby grave to display the limits of the empress' dominion. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Daniel 4 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Execution of Death
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) being executed as a man and woman look on. In the center is an hourglass, the reminder of human mortality. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Ecclesiastes 7 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).Subject - Time PeriodDate Issued or PublishedCollectionCopyrightNO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATESA woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) being executed as a man and woman look on. In the center is an hourglass, the reminder of human mortality. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Ecclesiastes 7 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Fall of Adam and Eve
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting Adam and Eve eating from the Tree of Knowledge, thus committing the Original Sin. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Genesis 3 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).Subject - Time PeriodDate Issued or PublishedCollectionCopyrightNO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATESA woodcut depicting Adam and Eve eating from the Tree of Knowledge, thus committing the Original Sin. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Genesis 3 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Fifth Commandment
A woodcut depicting a man murdering two individuals with an axe, thereby representing a violation of the Fifth Commandment (in the Lutheran tradition), "Thou shalt not murder."Subject - Time PeriodDate Issued or PublishedCollectionCopyrightNO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATESA woodcut depicting a man murdering two individuals with an axe, thereby representing a violation of the Fifth Commandment (in the Lutheran tradition), "Thou shalt not murder." -
Still imageThe Fifth Trumpet
Cranach, Lucas, 1472-1553A woodcut depicting the release of the locusts from a bottomless pit by a star following the sounding of the Fifth Trumpet. The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.Subject - Time PeriodDate Issued or PublishedCollectionCopyrightNO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATESA woodcut depicting the release of the locusts from a bottomless pit by a star following the sounding of the Fifth Trumpet. The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament. -
Still imageThe First Commandment
A woodcut depicting a violation of and proper following of the First Commandment (in the Lutheran tradition), "Thou shalt have no other god before me." On the right, a group of worshipers gather around the crucified Christ thereby following the First Commandment. In contrast, on the left, a group worships an "idol" in the form of a horned figure on a pedestal.Subject - Time PeriodDate Issued or PublishedCollectionCopyrightNO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATESA woodcut depicting a violation of and proper following of the First Commandment (in the Lutheran tradition), "Thou shalt have no other god before me." On the right, a group of worshipers gather around the crucified Christ thereby following the First Commandment. In contrast, on the left, a group worships an "idol" in the form of a horned figure on a pedestal. -
Still imageThe First Four Trumpets
Cranach, Lucas, 1472-1553A woodcut depictng God and seven angels with trumpets (top), hail and fire falling into the sea (bottom left), and a burning mountain falling into the sea (bottom right). The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.Subject - Time PeriodDate Issued or PublishedCollectionCopyrightNO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATESA woodcut depictng God and seven angels with trumpets (top), hail and fire falling into the sea (bottom left), and a burning mountain falling into the sea (bottom right). The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament. -
Still imageThe Fool
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) playing the bagpipes as he pulls a fool down the road. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Proverbs 7 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).Subject - Time PeriodDate Issued or PublishedCollectionCopyrightNO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATESA woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) playing the bagpipes as he pulls a fool down the road. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Proverbs 7 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Fourth Commandment
A woodcut depicting a son and daughter washing the feet of their mother and father respectively, thereby representing the Fourth Commandment (in the Lutheran tradition), "Honor thy father and thy mother."Subject - Time PeriodDate Issued or PublishedCollectionCopyrightNO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATESA woodcut depicting a son and daughter washing the feet of their mother and father respectively, thereby representing the Fourth Commandment (in the Lutheran tradition), "Honor thy father and thy mother." -
Still imageThe Gamblers
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) fighting a demon over one of three gamblers at a table. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Matthew 16 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).Subject - Time PeriodDate Issued or PublishedCollectionCopyrightNO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATESA woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) fighting a demon over one of three gamblers at a table. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Matthew 16 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Harvest
Cranach, Lucas, 1472-1553A woodcut depicting Jesus seated on a throne and holding a sickle, directing the harvest of grain (bottom right) and that of grapes to be pressed (bottom left). The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.Subject - Time PeriodDate Issued or PublishedCollectionCopyrightNO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATESA woodcut depicting Jesus seated on a throne and holding a sickle, directing the harvest of grain (bottom right) and that of grapes to be pressed (bottom left). The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament. -
Still imageThe Holy City, New Jerusalem
Cranach, Lucas, 1472-1553A woodcut depicting an angel gesturing towards the heavenly city of Jerusalem. The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.Subject - Time PeriodDate Issued or PublishedCollectionCopyrightNO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATESA woodcut depicting an angel gesturing towards the heavenly city of Jerusalem. The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament. -
Still imageThe Judge
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) looking over a judge sitting in a chair as it tries to take the rod which symbolizes his authority. Two men stand before the judge: one is seen reaching into his purse to offer a bribe (which the judge appears eager to accept), while the other awaits his sentence. On the floor an hourglass, the reminder of human mortality, has been knocked over. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Amos 2 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).Subject - Time PeriodDate Issued or PublishedCollectionCopyrightNO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATESA woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) looking over a judge sitting in a chair as it tries to take the rod which symbolizes his authority. Two men stand before the judge: one is seen reaching into his purse to offer a bribe (which the judge appears eager to accept), while the other awaits his sentence. On the floor an hourglass, the reminder of human mortality, has been knocked over. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Amos 2 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe King
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a king resting at a banquet as a skeleton (= Death) pours him something to drink. The hourglass on the table reminds the viewer of human mortality. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Ecclesiastes 10 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).Subject - Time PeriodDate Issued or PublishedCollectionCopyrightNO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATESA woodcut depicting a king resting at a banquet as a skeleton (= Death) pours him something to drink. The hourglass on the table reminds the viewer of human mortality. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Ecclesiastes 10 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom). -
Still imageThe Knight
Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543A woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) runing a lance through a knight wearing armor. An hourglass, the reminder of human mortality, lies overturned at their feet. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Job 34 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).Subject - Time PeriodDate Issued or PublishedCollectionCopyrightNO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATESA woodcut depicting a skeleton (= Death) runing a lance through a knight wearing armor. An hourglass, the reminder of human mortality, lies overturned at their feet. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Job 34 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).