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The title page of Georg Sabinus' Electio et coronatio Caroli .V. Imp. Aug, featuring the coat of arms of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, which features the two-headed eagle of the Holy Roman Empire, bearing a quartered shield representing the regions he rules.

The title page of Georg Sabinus' Electio et coronatio Caroli .V. Imp. Aug, featuring the coat of arms of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, which features the two-headed eagle of the Holy Roman Empire, bearing a quartered shield representing the regions he rules.

Title page of Martin Luther's In Epistolam S. Pauli ad Galatas commentarius featuring a coat of arms shield below the title. The shield and title are flanked by columns, both of which have winged cherbus standing on top.

Title page of Martin Luther's In Epistolam S. Pauli ad Galatas commentarius featuring a coat of arms shield below the title. The shield and title are flanked by columns, both of which have winged cherbus standing on top.

A pair of woodcuts with captions depicting the formal procession of food for the Cardinals (top) and the delivery of dishes to the Cardinals (bottom).

A pair of woodcuts with captions depicting the formal procession of food for the Cardinals (top) and the delivery of dishes to the Cardinals (bottom).

Summary: This is an early Italian response to Martin Luther, attacking the schismatic monk on his own terms, in the vernacular for the benefit of laymen or simplici, as advertised on the title-page. The work is quite broad in its criticism and aims to refute not only Luther and his followers, but all heretics and even Jews.

Summary: This is an early Italian response to Martin Luther, attacking the schismatic monk on his own terms, in the vernacular for the benefit of laymen or simplici, as advertised on the title-page. The work is quite broad in its criticism and aims to refute not only Luther and his followers, but all heretics and even Jews.

A woodcut depicting a group of putti (cherubs) displaying the spoils of battle (armor). The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Isaiah 53 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).

A woodcut depicting a group of putti (cherubs) displaying the spoils of battle (armor). The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Isaiah 53 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).

A woodcut depicting a putto (cherub) holding a shield and an arrow symbolizing the prohibition given to the Israelites to not go up on the Holy Mountain, or Mount Sinai. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Exodus 19 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).

A woodcut depicting a putto (cherub) holding a shield and an arrow symbolizing the prohibition given to the Israelites to not go up on the Holy Mountain, or Mount Sinai. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Exodus 19 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).

Signatures: A-2B8, 2C7; [A] unsigned, O4 missigned "O3", 2C4 missigned "C4".

Signatures: A-2B8, 2C7; [A] unsigned, O4 missigned "O3", 2C4 missigned "C4".

Summary: One of three reprints from the year of its first publication, this work by Melanchthon is one of the earliest textbooks for the study of rhetoric as an integral part of an education in the liberal arts.

Summary: One of three reprints from the year of its first publication, this work by Melanchthon is one of the earliest textbooks for the study of rhetoric as an integral part of an education in the liberal arts.

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Summary:

Summary: Third French edition of Hans Holbein's Totentanz (Dance of Death), the first with 12 new images. The woodcuts were executed by Hans Lützelburger.

Summary: Third French edition of Hans Holbein's Totentanz (Dance of Death), the first with 12 new images. The woodcuts were executed by Hans Lützelburger.

A woodcut depicting a group of putti (cherubs) returning from a hunt. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Lamentations 5 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).

A woodcut depicting a group of putti (cherubs) returning from a hunt. The woodcut is accompanied by a verse from Lamentations 5 translated into French (top) and then reformatted into verse (bottom).

Summary: The correspondence of Ignatius Sancho accompanied by a memoir of his life.

Summary: The correspondence of Ignatius Sancho accompanied by a memoir of his life.

Summary: J. de Sacro Bosco was an English mathematician who taught in Paris after 1230. This work on astronomy was only the second by a Western scholar based on Arabic researches to be printed (1472). The book was frequently reprinted as here with a commentary by a famous modern scholar, in this case Melanchthon. Melanchthon's interest in astrology is well known, so it was natural for him to edit this material.

Summary: J. de Sacro Bosco was an English mathematician who taught in Paris after 1230. This work on astronomy was only the second by a Western scholar based on Arabic researches to be printed (1472). The book was frequently reprinted as here with a commentary by a famous modern scholar, in this case Melanchthon. Melanchthon's interest in astrology is well known, so it was natural for him to edit this material.

Summary: A 1525 printing of this most famous of all Melanchthon's theological works, first published in Wittenberg in 1521. The Loci Communes represent the most comrehensive systematic theology of the Lutheran reformation. Melanchthon continued to revise this work throughout his life.

Summary: A 1525 printing of this most famous of all Melanchthon's theological works, first published in Wittenberg in 1521. The Loci Communes represent the most comrehensive systematic theology of the Lutheran reformation. Melanchthon continued to revise this work throughout his life.

Summary: It was the practice at Wittenberg for the students to sharpen their logical and debating skills by responding to a set of theses proposed by the professor in the discipline in which they were working. These theses were often collected into book form for the use of the students and for the study of the topics by interested non-students. This group is from the early years of the Reformation, 1521-1522. Theses proposed in the Universität Wittenberg for the granting of doctoral degrees. In most cases the "respondents" are not indicated.

Summary: It was the practice at Wittenberg for the students to sharpen their logical and debating skills by responding to a set of theses proposed by the professor in the discipline in which they were working. These theses were often collected into book form for the use of the students and for the study of the topics by interested non-students. This group is from the early years of the Reformation, 1521-1522. Theses proposed in the Universität Wittenberg for the granting of doctoral degrees. In most cases the "respondents" are not indicated.

Summary: Popular doctrinal theology by the Lutheran reformer Johann Spangenberg, based on Melanchthon's Loci Communes, and written for use by pastors and ministers. The work was first published in 1540 and was re-issued and translated numerous times.

Summary: Popular doctrinal theology by the Lutheran reformer Johann Spangenberg, based on Melanchthon's Loci Communes, and written for use by pastors and ministers. The work was first published in 1540 and was re-issued and translated numerous times.

Summary: Luther's first major revision of his translation of the Hebrew book of Psalms. Luther and his translation committee worked diligently on the German Bible throughout Luther's life. Every word came under repeated scrutiny; the translators never felt completely satisfied. The Psalter was revised repeatedly, always with the aim of seeking clarity of expression. This is the first revision of the work. This copy is annotated, dated 5 February, 1541, by A. Blarer, a Swabian reformer who was deeply influenced by Luther.

Summary: Luther's first major revision of his translation of the Hebrew book of Psalms. Luther and his translation committee worked diligently on the German Bible throughout Luther's life. Every word came under repeated scrutiny; the translators never felt completely satisfied. The Psalter was revised repeatedly, always with the aim of seeking clarity of expression. This is the first revision of the work. This copy is annotated, dated 5 February, 1541, by A. Blarer, a Swabian reformer who was deeply influenced by Luther.

Summary: The Black Death ravaged Europe from the fourteenth century onward. Dr. Johann Hess, a pastor from Breslau, asked Luther in 1527 whether it was permissible for a person to flee from plague-infested areas. Luther replied that it was, and then added some public health advice for town and city government officials in plague-ravaged areas. He advocated fumigation of this, the seventh printing of the work.

Summary: The Black Death ravaged Europe from the fourteenth century onward. Dr. Johann Hess, a pastor from Breslau, asked Luther in 1527 whether it was permissible for a person to flee from plague-infested areas. Luther replied that it was, and then added some public health advice for town and city government officials in plague-ravaged areas. He advocated fumigation of this, the seventh printing of the work.

Summary: This is the original Latin version of Melanchthon's funeral oration for Luther, preached in Wittenberg, February 22, 1546. The friendship between Luther and Melanchthon was almost legendary, even in their own lifetimes, and this deeply moving oration is an eloquent testimony to the depth of Melanchthon's feelings for his friend of twenty-eight years.

Summary: This is the original Latin version of Melanchthon's funeral oration for Luther, preached in Wittenberg, February 22, 1546. The friendship between Luther and Melanchthon was almost legendary, even in their own lifetimes, and this deeply moving oration is an eloquent testimony to the depth of Melanchthon's feelings for his friend of twenty-eight years.

Summary: Latin version of Martin Luther's Small Catechism, translated by Johannes Sauermann

Summary: Latin version of Martin Luther's Small Catechism, translated by Johannes Sauermann

Summary: A treatise on monarchies as a form of government.

Summary: A treatise on monarchies as a form of government.