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Summary: "The declaration of His Highnes William Henry, by the grace of God, Prince of Orange, &c. of the reasons inducing him, to appear in armes in the kingdome of England, for preserving of the Protestant religion, and for restoring the lawes and liberties of England, Scotland and Ireland": p. 4-14. "His Highnesses additional declaration": p. 16-17. "Animadversions upon the Declaration of His Highness the Prince of Orange": p. 19-32.

Summary: "The declaration of His Highnes William Henry, by the grace of God, Prince of Orange, &c. of the reasons inducing him, to appear in armes in the kingdome of England, for preserving of the Protestant religion, and for restoring the lawes and liberties of England, Scotland and Ireland": p. 4-14. "His Highnesses additional declaration": p. 16-17. "Animadversions upon the Declaration of His Highness the Prince of Orange": p. 19-32.

A woodcut depicting Moses receiving the Ten Commandments from God (upper right) as the the people of Israel worship the Golden Calf (lower left). On the right, Mount Sinai and Mount Horeb are labeled, as well as the figures of Moses and Joshua.

A woodcut depicting Moses receiving the Ten Commandments from God (upper right) as the the people of Israel worship the Golden Calf (lower left). On the right, Mount Sinai and Mount Horeb are labeled, as well as the figures of Moses and Joshua.

The Whore of Babylon riding atop a seven-headed beast and holding a chalice aloft. She is depicted wearing the papal crown.

The Whore of Babylon riding atop a seven-headed beast and holding a chalice aloft. She is depicted wearing the papal crown.

A woodcut depicting the crucifixion of Jesus Christ, including a crowd of onlookers surrounding the Virgin Mary.

A woodcut depicting the crucifixion of Jesus Christ, including a crowd of onlookers surrounding the Virgin Mary.

Summary: A sermon preached in honor of the king's succession and reign.

Summary: A sermon preached in honor of the king's succession and reign.

Summary: A burlesque of Dryden's poem, by Matthew Prior and Charles Montague afterwards earl of Halifax.

Summary: A burlesque of Dryden's poem, by Matthew Prior and Charles Montague afterwards earl of Halifax.

A woodcut depicting the wedding ceremonies of three clergy members with musicians (top) playing accompaniment.

A woodcut depicting the wedding ceremonies of three clergy members with musicians (top) playing accompaniment.

Satirical wood-engraving from the workshop of Lucas Cranach, depicting the pope, with ears of an ass, sitting on a wooden throne at the mouth of hell, on the title page.

Satirical wood-engraving from the workshop of Lucas Cranach, depicting the pope, with ears of an ass, sitting on a wooden throne at the mouth of hell, on the title page.

Summary: An address to the Archbishop of Canterbury by James II.

Summary: An address to the Archbishop of Canterbury by James II.

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Summary: Written in Latin in the fall of 1521 under the title De abroganda missa privata, this is the third printing of the first German edition of Martin Luther's important tract on the celebration of private masses. Luther opposed any celebration of the Eucharist that was not accessible to or provided for the congregation at large and felt so strongly about this material that he translated it into German himself.

Summary: Written in Latin in the fall of 1521 under the title De abroganda missa privata, this is the third printing of the first German edition of Martin Luther's important tract on the celebration of private masses. Luther opposed any celebration of the Eucharist that was not accessible to or provided for the congregation at large and felt so strongly about this material that he translated it into German himself.

Summary: This sermon on marriage is an elaboration of an earlier work no longer extant. In its present form there is no set Bible text, nor is the sermon designed for a particular place in the Church year.

Summary: This sermon on marriage is an elaboration of an earlier work no longer extant. In its present form there is no set Bible text, nor is the sermon designed for a particular place in the Church year.

Summary: This sermon on marriage is an elaboration of an earlier work no longer extant. In its present form there is no set Bible text, nor is the sermon designed for a particular place in the Church year.

Summary: This sermon on marriage is an elaboration of an earlier work no longer extant. In its present form there is no set Bible text, nor is the sermon designed for a particular place in the Church year.

Summary: Luther always felt a special fondness for this work. Nearly two decades after writing it, he remembered it as being especially powerful. It elicited response from Catholic opponents five years hence. Luther felt so strongly about this material that he translated it into German himself. The abuse of the title refers to the masses sung by chantry priests for individuals. Luther opposed any celebration of the Eucharist that was not accessible to or provided for the congregation at large.

Summary: Luther always felt a special fondness for this work. Nearly two decades after writing it, he remembered it as being especially powerful. It elicited response from Catholic opponents five years hence. Luther felt so strongly about this material that he translated it into German himself. The abuse of the title refers to the masses sung by chantry priests for individuals. Luther opposed any celebration of the Eucharist that was not accessible to or provided for the congregation at large.

Summary: Second printing of Luther's response to a catechism of the Bohemian Brethren, with special attention to the Adoration of the Host, and to the Real Presence.

Summary: Second printing of Luther's response to a catechism of the Bohemian Brethren, with special attention to the Adoration of the Host, and to the Real Presence.

Summary: First published earlier the same year, Luther's pamphlet Defense of the doctrines of men was one of Luther's most widely read writings with approximately twenty editions appearing in the years 1522 and 1523. Written in honor of Hans von Belepsch who had hosted Luther at the Wartburg as the reformer translated the New Testament. Luther argues that church teachings that have no basis in the Bible, in particular fasting and celibacy, are illegitimate and are to be avoided.

Summary: First published earlier the same year, Luther's pamphlet Defense of the doctrines of men was one of Luther's most widely read writings with approximately twenty editions appearing in the years 1522 and 1523. Written in honor of Hans von Belepsch who had hosted Luther at the Wartburg as the reformer translated the New Testament. Luther argues that church teachings that have no basis in the Bible, in particular fasting and celibacy, are illegitimate and are to be avoided.

Summary: A treatise by Luther on the relationship of belief and practice, intended for those "poor consciences, that lie captive to human laws in cloisters and monastic foundations", as he puts it in his preface. It is also noteworthy that Luther assumes his audience includes both those who could read his writings directly, and those who heard them read by others, when he dedicates his pamphlet "to all who read or hear this little book".

Summary: A treatise by Luther on the relationship of belief and practice, intended for those "poor consciences, that lie captive to human laws in cloisters and monastic foundations", as he puts it in his preface. It is also noteworthy that Luther assumes his audience includes both those who could read his writings directly, and those who heard them read by others, when he dedicates his pamphlet "to all who read or hear this little book".

Summary: After Luther published his "Eight Sermons" of 1522, he decided that there was needed a shorter, more concise statement of these sermons' arguments. This is the third printing of the resulting précis.

Summary: After Luther published his "Eight Sermons" of 1522, he decided that there was needed a shorter, more concise statement of these sermons' arguments. This is the third printing of the resulting précis.

Summary: One of three 1522 printings of an essay on monastic vows written by Luther during his stay at the Wartburg Castle after the Diet of Worms. It is addressed to monks, whose conscience is troubled by the conflict between their vows and their desire to leave the monastic life. Luther frequently referred to this piece throughout his career, and it became one of his most influential works.

Summary: One of three 1522 printings of an essay on monastic vows written by Luther during his stay at the Wartburg Castle after the Diet of Worms. It is addressed to monks, whose conscience is troubled by the conflict between their vows and their desire to leave the monastic life. Luther frequently referred to this piece throughout his career, and it became one of his most influential works.

Summary: This is Luther's tract on auricular confession. The sacrament of penance was the focus of Luther's most vehement criticisms. Not only was the sacrament the course of numerous abuses, indulgence selling among them, but attacks on the efficacy of priestly absolution called into question the sacramental authority of all priests, the pope included.

Summary: This is Luther's tract on auricular confession. The sacrament of penance was the focus of Luther's most vehement criticisms. Not only was the sacrament the course of numerous abuses, indulgence selling among them, but attacks on the efficacy of priestly absolution called into question the sacramental authority of all priests, the pope included.

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