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Summary: The catalyst for this famous Luther letter was the removal by stealth of nine nuns from the cloister of Nimbschen bei Grimma at Easter in the year 1523. Luther names the nine, which include a sister of Johann Staupitz, Luther's father confessor, and Katharina von Bora, who was to become Luther's wife.

Summary: The catalyst for this famous Luther letter was the removal by stealth of nine nuns from the cloister of Nimbschen bei Grimma at Easter in the year 1523. Luther names the nine, which include a sister of Johann Staupitz, Luther's father confessor, and Katharina von Bora, who was to become Luther's wife.

Summary: Only printing of a pamphlet by Karlstadt attacking Johann Eck on issues that emerged during their disputation at Leipzig 1519, in particular the interpretation of scripture and the question of free will and its relation to the grace of God.

Summary: Only printing of a pamphlet by Karlstadt attacking Johann Eck on issues that emerged during their disputation at Leipzig 1519, in particular the interpretation of scripture and the question of free will and its relation to the grace of God.

Summary: In this piece, Melanchthon sharply attacks the major Anabaptist theological points. This is the second printing of the tract.

Summary: In this piece, Melanchthon sharply attacks the major Anabaptist theological points. This is the second printing of the tract.

Summary: First edition of a brief report of the first Zurich Disputation followed by the 67 Articles read by Zwingli on January 27, 1523. The 67 Articles are often cited in discussions of Luther's 95 Theses and the Augsburg Confession.

Summary: First edition of a brief report of the first Zurich Disputation followed by the 67 Articles read by Zwingli on January 27, 1523. The 67 Articles are often cited in discussions of Luther's 95 Theses and the Augsburg Confession.

Summary: An interpretation on 4 Consolation Psalms (Ps. 37, 62, 94, 109), written by Luther for Queen Mary of Hungary, sister of the Emperor Charles V, after the death of her husband Louis in the battle of Mohács.

Summary: An interpretation on 4 Consolation Psalms (Ps. 37, 62, 94, 109), written by Luther for Queen Mary of Hungary, sister of the Emperor Charles V, after the death of her husband Louis in the battle of Mohács.

Summary: Polemical tract against celibacy, attributed to Michael Keller, who was married August 10, 1526 in Augsburg.

Summary: Polemical tract against celibacy, attributed to Michael Keller, who was married August 10, 1526 in Augsburg.

Summary: This is a copy of A. von Alveld's defense of the Catholic Church's doctrine of clerical celibacy.

Summary: This is a copy of A. von Alveld's defense of the Catholic Church's doctrine of clerical celibacy.

Summary: C. Schatzgeyer here writes a treatise on the Catholic understanding of the Lord's Supper as exemplified by the Corpus Christi festival. The work grew out of Schatzgeryer's conflicts with Andrea Osiander, the Nuremberg reformer. This is the first printing of this book.

Summary: C. Schatzgeyer here writes a treatise on the Catholic understanding of the Lord's Supper as exemplified by the Corpus Christi festival. The work grew out of Schatzgeryer's conflicts with Andrea Osiander, the Nuremberg reformer. This is the first printing of this book.

Summary: Defense of the Catholic doctrine of good works against the Protestant teaching of salvation by faith alone, written by the Dominican Johann Mensing.

Summary: Defense of the Catholic doctrine of good works against the Protestant teaching of salvation by faith alone, written by the Dominican Johann Mensing.

Summary: Defense of Catholic worship and priestly offices by Paul Bachmann, Abbot of Altzelle, a vehement opponent of Martin Luther.

Summary: Defense of Catholic worship and priestly offices by Paul Bachmann, Abbot of Altzelle, a vehement opponent of Martin Luther.

Summary: Second edition of the last of Luther's four tracts on marriage and married life. Luther addresses in particular the issue of secret or private engagements and their status in cases in which one of the parties enters into a public engagement.

Summary: Second edition of the last of Luther's four tracts on marriage and married life. Luther addresses in particular the issue of secret or private engagements and their status in cases in which one of the parties enters into a public engagement.

Summary: Luther addresses the monastic rules of fasting, obedience and celibacy, arguing that they have no foundation in scripture and that a transgression of these rules is therefore no sin. At the same time, Luther warns that a transgression of monastic rules in itself is by no means a sign of faith or internalized piety.

Summary: Luther addresses the monastic rules of fasting, obedience and celibacy, arguing that they have no foundation in scripture and that a transgression of these rules is therefore no sin. At the same time, Luther warns that a transgression of monastic rules in itself is by no means a sign of faith or internalized piety.

Summary: J. Mensing was a Dominican opponent of Luther. Born in either Mageburg or Zutphen, Holland, he studied in Wittenberg and Frankfurt an der Oder, where he took his doctorate. He preached at Mageburg Cathedral 1522-1524 against the Reformers. In 1530, he was one of the Confutators of the Augsburg Confession. In 1534, he became provincial of the Dominicans, and in 1539, suffragan-bishop of Halberstedt. In this tract, Mensing defends Catholic interpretation of the Lord's Supper through references to scripture.

Summary: J. Mensing was a Dominican opponent of Luther. Born in either Mageburg or Zutphen, Holland, he studied in Wittenberg and Frankfurt an der Oder, where he took his doctorate. He preached at Mageburg Cathedral 1522-1524 against the Reformers. In 1530, he was one of the Confutators of the Augsburg Confession. In 1534, he became provincial of the Dominicans, and in 1539, suffragan-bishop of Halberstedt. In this tract, Mensing defends Catholic interpretation of the Lord's Supper through references to scripture.

Summary: First edition of a tract by Andreas Osiander on the subject of justification and Christ's role as mediator.

Summary: First edition of a tract by Andreas Osiander on the subject of justification and Christ's role as mediator.

Summary: A. Faber was a Lutheran pastor in Schwerin when he wrote this book in 1533 against the false "blood of Christ" and the "idol" (i.e., the shrine in which the blood was kept) in the Cathedral at Schwerin. Such Holy blood miracles made for exceedingly popular pilgrimage sites in pre-Reformation Germany.

Summary: A. Faber was a Lutheran pastor in Schwerin when he wrote this book in 1533 against the false "blood of Christ" and the "idol" (i.e., the shrine in which the blood was kept) in the Cathedral at Schwerin. Such Holy blood miracles made for exceedingly popular pilgrimage sites in pre-Reformation Germany.

Summary: Second Basel printing of an early Luther treatise on Penance, together with a translation and exposition of Psalm 118.

Summary: Second Basel printing of an early Luther treatise on Penance, together with a translation and exposition of Psalm 118.

Summary: The term "Evangelical Mass" was coined by the Lutherans as their attempt to shop that it was they and not the Catholics who were the preservers of the true tradition of the Lord's Supper. Bugenhagen was, next to Melanchthon, Luther's closest ally in the Protestant struggle. This tract indicates which attributes the Lutherans believed to be necessary for worthy reception of the Lord's Supper.

Summary: The term "Evangelical Mass" was coined by the Lutherans as their attempt to shop that it was they and not the Catholics who were the preservers of the true tradition of the Lord's Supper. Bugenhagen was, next to Melanchthon, Luther's closest ally in the Protestant struggle. This tract indicates which attributes the Lutherans believed to be necessary for worthy reception of the Lord's Supper.

Summary: This is the third of Luther's three great reformation tracts of 1520. Addressed to Pope Leo X, this work is a discourse on the freedom of the will, turning on the paradox: A Christian is free, lord over all things, subject to no one. A Christian is a bounden servant of all, and subject to everyone. This is the fourth printing of Luther's own German translation.

Summary: This is the third of Luther's three great reformation tracts of 1520. Addressed to Pope Leo X, this work is a discourse on the freedom of the will, turning on the paradox: A Christian is free, lord over all things, subject to no one. A Christian is a bounden servant of all, and subject to everyone. This is the fourth printing of Luther's own German translation.

Summary: Only printing of a Lutheran pamphlet by an anonymous preacher from Southern Germany on the subject of baptism and other ceremonies in the Catholic church, with an introduction by Nicolaus Gallus.

Summary: Only printing of a Lutheran pamphlet by an anonymous preacher from Southern Germany on the subject of baptism and other ceremonies in the Catholic church, with an introduction by Nicolaus Gallus.

Summary: Translation into German by M. Reinhard of Luther's Latin work: "De instituendis ministris ecclesiae." The attribution of the translation to M. Reinhard is questioned.

Summary: Translation into German by M. Reinhard of Luther's Latin work: "De instituendis ministris ecclesiae." The attribution of the translation to M. Reinhard is questioned.

Summary: The question of the value and validity of monastic vows arose in Wittenberg because of Luther's tract, On the Freedom of a Christian, as well as because of his advice to monks to leave their monasteries. Karlstadt here argues that vows of monastic obedience prevent men and women from following God's commands. Karlstadt was the first of the Protestant Reformers to repudiate the validity of monastic vows.

Summary: The question of the value and validity of monastic vows arose in Wittenberg because of Luther's tract, On the Freedom of a Christian, as well as because of his advice to monks to leave their monasteries. Karlstadt here argues that vows of monastic obedience prevent men and women from following God's commands. Karlstadt was the first of the Protestant Reformers to repudiate the validity of monastic vows.