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A woodcut depicting a being with three heads: a frog representing France, an eagle representing Rome, and a lion representing Germany. This creature preceeded the arrival of Marcomirus, a Sicambrian king who took control of a region of Gaul after moving from the Danube region into the low countries (Gelders and Holland).

A woodcut depicting a being with three heads: a frog representing France, an eagle representing Rome, and a lion representing Germany. This creature preceeded the arrival of Marcomirus, a Sicambrian king who took control of a region of Gaul after moving from the Danube region into the low countries (Gelders and Holland).

This manuscript is handwritten in German and dated May 10, 1542. It lists people from Zwickau, Saxony (Germany) who enlisted or were paid to participate in the field campaign against the Turkish invasion of Marseille.

This manuscript is handwritten in German and dated May 10, 1542. It lists people from Zwickau, Saxony (Germany) who enlisted or were paid to participate in the field campaign against the Turkish invasion of Marseille.

Summary: The catalyst for this famous Luther letter was the removal by stealth of nine nuns from the cloister of Nimbschen bei Grimma at Easter in the year 1523. Luther names the nine, which include a sister of Johann Staupitz, Luther's father confessor, and Katharina von Bora, who was to become Luther's wife.

Summary: The catalyst for this famous Luther letter was the removal by stealth of nine nuns from the cloister of Nimbschen bei Grimma at Easter in the year 1523. Luther names the nine, which include a sister of Johann Staupitz, Luther's father confessor, and Katharina von Bora, who was to become Luther's wife.

Summary: Tract on the duties and responsibilties of civic leaders, and on the relationship between church and state, first published in Latin a year earlier.

Summary: Tract on the duties and responsibilties of civic leaders, and on the relationship between church and state, first published in Latin a year earlier.

Summary: Response by an otherwise unknown author to the in 1546 developing Schmalkald War. The author leans more towards the position of the Holy Roman Emperor, rather than to that of the Lutheran princes.

Summary: Response by an otherwise unknown author to the in 1546 developing Schmalkald War. The author leans more towards the position of the Holy Roman Emperor, rather than to that of the Lutheran princes.

Summary: First printing of a rare pamphlet directed against Martin Luther. Wulffer calls Luther a false prophet and claims that his teachings contain no love, but only self-aggrandizement.

Summary: First printing of a rare pamphlet directed against Martin Luther. Wulffer calls Luther a false prophet and claims that his teachings contain no love, but only self-aggrandizement.

Summary: Luther's Consolation to the Protestants of Halle, published in 1527, provoked this reply from Agustin von Alveld, garuden of the Franciscan Monastery in Halle from 1524-29. Alveld condemns Luther's tract as "Hussisch," in particular with respect to his teachings on the sacrament. Alveld dedicated the work to Albert of Brandenburg, Archbishop of Mainz.

Summary: Luther's Consolation to the Protestants of Halle, published in 1527, provoked this reply from Agustin von Alveld, garuden of the Franciscan Monastery in Halle from 1524-29. Alveld condemns Luther's tract as "Hussisch," in particular with respect to his teachings on the sacrament. Alveld dedicated the work to Albert of Brandenburg, Archbishop of Mainz.

Summary: First and only edition of an important source about the early relations between the Lutheran and Anabaptist movements.

Summary: First and only edition of an important source about the early relations between the Lutheran and Anabaptist movements.

Summary: Johann Eberlin von Günzburg was a former Franciscan who had left the order and joined the Lutheran Reformation in 1521. This is the second edition of his tract on the dangers of priestly celibacy. He himself was married in 1524 and had four children. The title page woodcut shows the wedding of three different priests, including one to a nun.

Summary: Johann Eberlin von Günzburg was a former Franciscan who had left the order and joined the Lutheran Reformation in 1521. This is the second edition of his tract on the dangers of priestly celibacy. He himself was married in 1524 and had four children. The title page woodcut shows the wedding of three different priests, including one to a nun.

Satirical poem by the Nuremberg Meistersinger and cobbler about seven women complaining about their wayward husbands. The piece was originally published as a broadside in 1531 (cf. Erdmann) and is the counterpart to another poem by Sachs about seven men complaining about their wives.

Satirical poem by the Nuremberg Meistersinger and cobbler about seven women complaining about their wayward husbands. The piece was originally published as a broadside in 1531 (cf. Erdmann) and is the counterpart to another poem by Sachs about seven men complaining about their wives.

A woodcut containing a view of Wittenberg in Saxony-Anhalt. The woodcut was excerpted from from the German edition of Sebastian Münster's Cosmographia (Basel: Heinrich Petri, 1572). The reverse side depicts a jousting battle scene.

A woodcut containing a view of Wittenberg in Saxony-Anhalt. The woodcut was excerpted from from the German edition of Sebastian Münster's Cosmographia (Basel: Heinrich Petri, 1572). The reverse side depicts a jousting battle scene.

Summary: The Franciscan Augustine of Alveldt wrote this polemical tract in response to Luther's pamphlet "Widder den newen Abgott und alten Teuffel" which criticized the recent canonization of Bishop Benno of Mainz.

Summary: The Franciscan Augustine of Alveldt wrote this polemical tract in response to Luther's pamphlet "Widder den newen Abgott und alten Teuffel" which criticized the recent canonization of Bishop Benno of Mainz.

This item is a scrapbook produced while Hoffman was serving as Secretary for Germany and Austria for the World Council of Churches. It contains sixty black-and-white photographs depicting the lives of young refugees in West Germany after World War II. In English, the captions and narrative describe church relief work among the refugees. Much of this document is an appeal for more funds and resources to help Protestant churches continue their relief efforts in the boarding houses and schools for refugees, who were mainly from West Germany although some were from East Germany.

This item is a scrapbook produced while Hoffman was serving as Secretary for Germany and Austria for the World Council of Churches. It contains sixty black-and-white photographs depicting the lives of young refugees in West Germany after World War II. In English, the captions and narrative describe church relief work among the refugees. Much of this document is an appeal for more funds and resources to help Protestant churches continue their relief efforts in the boarding houses and schools for refugees, who were mainly from West Germany although some were from East Germany.

Summary: Early "newspaper/editorial" accusing the Pope and the Roman clergy of being the true instigators of the Schmalkald War.

Summary: Early "newspaper/editorial" accusing the Pope and the Roman clergy of being the true instigators of the Schmalkald War.

Summary: The diet of Nuremberg in 1524 reaffirmed the imperial ban of Luther's person expressed in the edict of Worms, but not the condemnation of his teachings, which were to be addressed at the diet of Speyer. Luther issued both the edict of Worms and the resolutions of the diet of Nuremberg along with his own foreward and comments, in which he calls the emperor a "mad, irrational, senseless, raving and insane fool".

Summary: The diet of Nuremberg in 1524 reaffirmed the imperial ban of Luther's person expressed in the edict of Worms, but not the condemnation of his teachings, which were to be addressed at the diet of Speyer. Luther issued both the edict of Worms and the resolutions of the diet of Nuremberg along with his own foreward and comments, in which he calls the emperor a "mad, irrational, senseless, raving and insane fool".