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Summary: Second printing of the first edition of a tract listing 91 errors in three sermons by Martin Luther.

Summary: Second printing of the first edition of a tract listing 91 errors in three sermons by Martin Luther.

A woodcut depicting the consecration of a new bishop. The bishop elect kneels before a trio of consecrating bishops, hands held out and annointed with holy oil while a book of the Gospels is held open behind him. The scene is flanked with decorative scroll work featuring pelicans and snails. The woodcut is reused throughout the work.

A woodcut depicting the consecration of a new bishop. The bishop elect kneels before a trio of consecrating bishops, hands held out and annointed with holy oil while a book of the Gospels is held open behind him. The scene is flanked with decorative scroll work featuring pelicans and snails. The woodcut is reused throughout the work.

A woodcut depicting the consecration of a new bishop. The bishop elect kneels before the consecrating bishop, wearing a miter and holding a crosier, an altar beside them as the consecrating bishop offers a blessing. The scene is flanked by a pair of cherubs standing atop an eagle and holding bags of snakes. The woodcut is reused throughout the work.

A woodcut depicting the consecration of a new bishop. The bishop elect kneels before the consecrating bishop, wearing a miter and holding a crosier, an altar beside them as the consecrating bishop offers a blessing. The scene is flanked by a pair of cherubs standing atop an eagle and holding bags of snakes. The woodcut is reused throughout the work.

A woodcut depicting the consecration of a new bishop. The bishop elect kneels before a trio of consecrating bishops, hands bound with linen as he is offered a book of the gospels. The scene is flanked by a pair of cherubs supporting fruit trees. The woodcut is reused throughout the work.

A woodcut depicting the consecration of a new bishop. The bishop elect kneels before a trio of consecrating bishops, hands bound with linen as he is offered a book of the gospels. The scene is flanked by a pair of cherubs supporting fruit trees. The woodcut is reused throughout the work.

A woodcut depicting the consecration of a bishop. The bishop elect kneels before a trio of consecrating bishops who lay their hands upon his head as an assistant places a book of the Gospels upon his shoulders. The scene is flanked by a pair of cherubs holding rings and kneeling atop helmets. The woodcut is reused throughout the work.

A woodcut depicting the consecration of a bishop. The bishop elect kneels before a trio of consecrating bishops who lay their hands upon his head as an assistant places a book of the Gospels upon his shoulders. The scene is flanked by a pair of cherubs holding rings and kneeling atop helmets. The woodcut is reused throughout the work.

A woodcut depicting the consecration of a new bishop. The bishop elect kneels before a trio of consecrating bishops, holding out two tall candles as a pair of assistants carry in bread and wine for the Mass which concludes the consecration. The scene is flanked by decorative scroll work featuring cherubs. The woodcut is reused throughout the work.

A woodcut depicting the consecration of a new bishop. The bishop elect kneels before a trio of consecrating bishops, holding out two tall candles as a pair of assistants carry in bread and wine for the Mass which concludes the consecration. The scene is flanked by decorative scroll work featuring cherubs. The woodcut is reused throughout the work.

A woodcut depicting the consecration of a new bishop. The bishop elect kneels prostrate before the altar, while the consecrating bishop and his attendents kneel and recite a litany. The image is flanked by a pair of cherubs standing atop eagles and holding bags of snakes. The woodcut is reused throughout the work.

A woodcut depicting the consecration of a new bishop. The bishop elect kneels prostrate before the altar, while the consecrating bishop and his attendents kneel and recite a litany. The image is flanked by a pair of cherubs standing atop eagles and holding bags of snakes. The woodcut is reused throughout the work.

A woodcut depicting the consecration of a bishop. The bishop elect kneels before a trio of consecrating bishops, one of whom marks the bishop elect's forehead with the sign of the cross in holy oil. The scene is flanked by ornamental scroll work featuring pelicans and snails. The woodcut is reused throughout the work.

A woodcut depicting the consecration of a bishop. The bishop elect kneels before a trio of consecrating bishops, one of whom marks the bishop elect's forehead with the sign of the cross in holy oil. The scene is flanked by ornamental scroll work featuring pelicans and snails. The woodcut is reused throughout the work.

The act of consoling the afflicted, illustrated and accompanied by scriptural references.

The act of consoling the afflicted, illustrated and accompanied by scriptural references.

Summary: This is the second and much expanded edition of Luther's reply to Henry VIII's Assertion of the Seven Sacraments. Luther replies quite moderately (for him) to what he feels to be the King's unwarranted assertions on the Catholic Sacraments. This is the second printing of this edition.

Summary: This is the second and much expanded edition of Luther's reply to Henry VIII's Assertion of the Seven Sacraments. Luther replies quite moderately (for him) to what he feels to be the King's unwarranted assertions on the Catholic Sacraments. This is the second printing of this edition.

Summary: Response by Mathias Flacius Illyricus, among the strictest of the Lutheran theologians of his time, to the views of the early Reformer of Nürnberg, Andreas Osiander, on Justification. Osiander emphasized the believer's being made righteous, as opposed to being declared righteous through Christ. Flacius reports on the title page that he had shared his views on this issue privately in writing with friends, but that they had been published without his permission and in a form unacceptable to him. This edition represents the official response by Flacius.

Summary: Response by Mathias Flacius Illyricus, among the strictest of the Lutheran theologians of his time, to the views of the early Reformer of Nürnberg, Andreas Osiander, on Justification. Osiander emphasized the believer's being made righteous, as opposed to being declared righteous through Christ. Flacius reports on the title page that he had shared his views on this issue privately in writing with friends, but that they had been published without his permission and in a form unacceptable to him. This edition represents the official response by Flacius.

A set of three woodcuts depicting the coronation of a new pope (top), the proper method for the pope to travel, under a canopy with the bishops before him (center), and a scene of the pope blessing travelers (bottom). Each scene is flanked by a different pair of cherubs.

A set of three woodcuts depicting the coronation of a new pope (top), the proper method for the pope to travel, under a canopy with the bishops before him (center), and a scene of the pope blessing travelers (bottom). Each scene is flanked by a different pair of cherubs.

A woodcut depicting the coronation of a new pope. The pope sits on a dias as the papal crown is placed on his head and cardinals and bishops stand and watch. The scene is flanked by decorative scroll work featuring masks. This woodcut is reused throughout the work.

A woodcut depicting the coronation of a new pope. The pope sits on a dias as the papal crown is placed on his head and cardinals and bishops stand and watch. The scene is flanked by decorative scroll work featuring masks. This woodcut is reused throughout the work.

Summary:

Summary:

Summary: After Luther had published the Ninety-five Theses, a broad academic debate spread across Germany on the question of the validity of indulgences. The debate was soon joined by Eck of Ingolstadt, representing the Catholic position. Karlstadt, a senior theologian at Wittenberg seems to have taken the lead in defending his colleague with his work, a series of disputations held at the University of Wittenberg beginning May 14, 1518, and continuing beyond July 7, 1518.

Summary: After Luther had published the Ninety-five Theses, a broad academic debate spread across Germany on the question of the validity of indulgences. The debate was soon joined by Eck of Ingolstadt, representing the Catholic position. Karlstadt, a senior theologian at Wittenberg seems to have taken the lead in defending his colleague with his work, a series of disputations held at the University of Wittenberg beginning May 14, 1518, and continuing beyond July 7, 1518.

Summary: Composed by Erasmus of Rotterdam, at the latest, in 1533, this tract on preparing for death first appeared in printed form in Basel at the beginning of 1534. This printing was followed by the Cologne printing in April. It is dedicated to Thomas Boleyn, Earl of Wiltshire and Ormond (1477-1539), the father of Henry VIII's second wife, Anne Boleyn.

Summary: Composed by Erasmus of Rotterdam, at the latest, in 1533, this tract on preparing for death first appeared in printed form in Basel at the beginning of 1534. This printing was followed by the Cologne printing in April. It is dedicated to Thomas Boleyn, Earl of Wiltshire and Ormond (1477-1539), the father of Henry VIII's second wife, Anne Boleyn.

Summary: A call for concord and harmony in the church by one of the great Humanists of the time.

Summary: A call for concord and harmony in the church by one of the great Humanists of the time.

Summary: First edition of the second Latin translation of Luther's Large Catechism, published earlier the same year. This translation was done Vincentius Opsopäus (Vinzenz Heidecker). Issued with it is the first Latin edition of Johann Brenz's catechism, first published in German in 1528 under the title "Fragstuck des christlichen Glaube[n]s für die Jugend zu Schwebische[n] Hall]."

Summary: First edition of the second Latin translation of Luther's Large Catechism, published earlier the same year. This translation was done Vincentius Opsopäus (Vinzenz Heidecker). Issued with it is the first Latin edition of Johann Brenz's catechism, first published in German in 1528 under the title "Fragstuck des christlichen Glaube[n]s für die Jugend zu Schwebische[n] Hall]."

Summary: Public renunciation of his monastic vows and earlier teachings by Sebastian Meyer, a preacher in the city of Strassburg and an early follower of Martin Luther.

Summary: Public renunciation of his monastic vows and earlier teachings by Sebastian Meyer, a preacher in the city of Strassburg and an early follower of Martin Luther.

A woodcut of the four beasts which appeared to Daniel in a vision. Each beast represented a different kingdom.

A woodcut of the four beasts which appeared to Daniel in a vision. Each beast represented a different kingdom.

Summary: This is the first printing of the first part of Luther's translation of the Old Testament into idiomatic German. It comprises the Pentateuch, or the five Books of Moses. Scholars long believed that this edition had been destroyed by Luther's friends because of its many printing errors. This printing contains 11 full-page and six initial-figure woodcuts. The volume has been heavily annotated in an early to mid-sixteenth century hand.

Summary: This is the first printing of the first part of Luther's translation of the Old Testament into idiomatic German. It comprises the Pentateuch, or the five Books of Moses. Scholars long believed that this edition had been destroyed by Luther's friends because of its many printing errors. This printing contains 11 full-page and six initial-figure woodcuts. The volume has been heavily annotated in an early to mid-sixteenth century hand.