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  • A woodcut depicting Martin Luther as a seven-headed monster, critiquing his deviation from Catholicism. Each head is labeled (from left to right): Doctor, Martinus, Luther, Ecclesiast, Schwirmer [Schwärmer], Visitieter, and Barrabas. This was a classic piece of Catholic propaganda, portraying Luther not only as a Doctor and Churchman, but as a Turk, a wild enthusiast (Schwarmer) and "Barrabas."
    Still image

    Sieben Köpffe Martini Luthers vom hochwirdigen Sacrament des Altars

    A woodcut depicting Martin Luther as a seven-headed monster, critiquing his deviation from Catholicism. Each head is labeled (from left to right): Doctor, Martinus, Luther, Ecclesiast, Schwirmer [Schwärmer], Visitieter, and Barrabas. This was a classic piece of Catholic propaganda, portraying Luther not only as a Doctor and Churchman, but as a Turk, a wild enthusiast (Schwarmer) and "Barrabas."
    Subject - Time Period
    Sixteenth century
    Date Issued or Published
    1529
    Collection
    Richard C. Kessler Reformation Collection
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    A woodcut depicting Martin Luther as a seven-headed monster, critiquing his deviation from Catholicism. Each head is labeled (from left to right): Doctor, Martinus, Luther, Ecclesiast, Schwirmer [Schwärmer], Visitieter, and Barrabas. This was a classic piece of Catholic propaganda, portraying Luther not only as a Doctor and Churchman, but as a Turk, a wild enthusiast (Schwarmer) and "Barrabas."
  • An engraving depicting the shopkeeper, Simon, refusing to worship the crucifix. The image shows Simon (right) standing resolutely as other kneeling citizens try to encourage him to kneel before the passing procession of the crucifix.
    Still image

    Simon, mercier, brulé à Bergue-op-Zoom, A. 1553

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the shopkeeper, Simon, refusing to worship the crucifix. The image shows Simon (right) standing resolutely as other kneeling citizens try to encourage him to kneel before the passing procession of the crucifix.
    Subject - Time Period
    Seventeenth century
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the shopkeeper, Simon, refusing to worship the crucifix. The image shows Simon (right) standing resolutely as other kneeling citizens try to encourage him to kneel before the passing procession of the crucifix.
  • An engraving depicting the execution of six men and two women. The image shows the victims bound to stakes and being burned as various clergymen watch.
    Still image

    Six fréres et deux soeurs brulées à Amsterdam, A. 1549

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the execution of six men and two women. The image shows the victims bound to stakes and being burned as various clergymen watch.
    Subject - Time Period
    Seventeenth century
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the execution of six men and two women. The image shows the victims bound to stakes and being burned as various clergymen watch.
  • Sketch of Martin Luther, based on a 1546 woodcut portrait of Luther by Lucas Cranach.
    still image

    Sketch of Martin Luther

    Sketch of Martin Luther, based on a 1546 woodcut portrait of Luther by Lucas Cranach.
    Subject - Time Period
    Sixteenth century
    Date Issued or Published
    1545
    Collection
    Richard C. Kessler Reformation Collection
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    Sketch of Martin Luther, based on a 1546 woodcut portrait of Luther by Lucas Cranach.
  • Sketch of Pope Sixtus V (pope 1585-1590)
    still image

    Sketch of Pope Sixtus V

    Sketch of Pope Sixtus V (pope 1585-1590)
    Subject - Time Period
    Sixteenth century
    Date Issued or Published
    1545
    Collection
    Richard C. Kessler Reformation Collection
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    Sketch of Pope Sixtus V (pope 1585-1590)
  • A woodcut depicting souls suffering in the fires of Hell.
    Still image

    Souls in Hell

    A woodcut depicting souls suffering in the fires of Hell.
    Subject - Time Period
    Sixteenth century
    Date Issued or Published
    1523
    Collection
    Richard C. Kessler Reformation Collection
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    A woodcut depicting souls suffering in the fires of Hell.
  • Summary: This is Luther's reinstatement of the Litany of "All Saints", containing both the musical notation and German text of the antiphons.
    Text

    Teütsche Letaney, vmb alles anligen der Cristenlichen gemayn

    Luther, Martin, 1483-1546
    Summary: This is Luther's reinstatement of the Litany of "All Saints", containing both the musical notation and German text of the antiphons.
    Subject - Time Period
    Sixteenth century
    Date Issued or Published
    1529
    Collection
    Richard C. Kessler Reformation Collection
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    Summary: This is Luther's reinstatement of the Litany of "All Saints", containing both the musical notation and German text of the antiphons.
  • An engraving depicting the torture of Saints Tarachus, Probus, and Andronicus before their martyrdom. The image shows one of the saints standing before the governor Numerian Maximus, while implements of torture, including hot coals, appear in the foreground and background.
    Still image

    Tharacus, Probus et Andronicus, cruellement traitez à Tarse, A. 290

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the torture of Saints Tarachus, Probus, and Andronicus before their martyrdom. The image shows one of the saints standing before the governor Numerian Maximus, while implements of torture, including hot coals, appear in the foreground and background.
    Subject - Time Period
    Seventeenth century
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the torture of Saints Tarachus, Probus, and Andronicus before their martyrdom. The image shows one of the saints standing before the governor Numerian Maximus, while implements of torture, including hot coals, appear in the foreground and background.
  • An engraving depicting the martyrdom of Saints Tarachus, Probus, and Andronicus. The image shows the three men lying in an arena, praying and appealing to heaven as they are surrounded by a lion and bear which refuse to attack them.
    Still image

    Tharacus, Probus et Andronious Jettez aux betes sauvages, et ensuite parcez de coups, A. 290

    Luiken, Jan, 1649-1712
    An engraving depicting the martyrdom of Saints Tarachus, Probus, and Andronicus. The image shows the three men lying in an arena, praying and appealing to heaven as they are surrounded by a lion and bear which refuse to attack them.
    Subject - Time Period
    Seventeenth century
    Date Issued or Published
    1685
    1698
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    An engraving depicting the martyrdom of Saints Tarachus, Probus, and Andronicus. The image shows the three men lying in an arena, praying and appealing to heaven as they are surrounded by a lion and bear which refuse to attack them.
  • A woodcut depicting an angel, robed in clouds with legs of flaming pillars, handing a book to Saint John the Apostle and pointing up at the heavens. The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.
    Still image

    The Angel with the Little Book

    Cranach, Lucas, 1472-1553
    A woodcut depicting an angel, robed in clouds with legs of flaming pillars, handing a book to Saint John the Apostle and pointing up at the heavens. The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.
    Subject - Time Period
    Sixteenth century
    Date Issued or Published
    1522
    Collection
    Richard C. Kessler Reformation Collection
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    A woodcut depicting an angel, robed in clouds with legs of flaming pillars, handing a book to Saint John the Apostle and pointing up at the heavens. The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.
  • A pair of woodcuts with captions depicting the announcement of a successful election of a new pope (top) and the rite of burning flax at the Papal corronation (bottom).
    Still image

    The Announcement of the New Pope and the Burning of Flax

    A pair of woodcuts with captions depicting the announcement of a successful election of a new pope (top) and the rite of burning flax at the Papal corronation (bottom).
    Subject - Time Period
    Eighteenth century
    Date Issued or Published
    1769
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    A pair of woodcuts with captions depicting the announcement of a successful election of a new pope (top) and the rite of burning flax at the Papal corronation (bottom).
  • A woodcut depicting the victorious armies of Heaven (top right) routing the opposing forces as the beast is cast into a lake of fire and brimstone. The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.
    Still image

    The Armies of Heaven and Doom for the Beast

    Cranach, Lucas, 1472-1553
    A woodcut depicting the victorious armies of Heaven (top right) routing the opposing forces as the beast is cast into a lake of fire and brimstone. The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.
    Subject - Time Period
    Sixteenth century
    Date Issued or Published
    1522
    Collection
    Richard C. Kessler Reformation Collection
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    A woodcut depicting the victorious armies of Heaven (top right) routing the opposing forces as the beast is cast into a lake of fire and brimstone. The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.
  • A pair of woodcuts with captions depicting the newly elected Pope being carried from the Sistine Chapel to St. Peter's Basilica (top) and the recognition of the new Pope as he sits upon the High Altar in St. Peter's Basilica (bottom).
    Still image

    The Arrival of the New Pope in St. Peter's Basilica

    A pair of woodcuts with captions depicting the newly elected Pope being carried from the Sistine Chapel to St. Peter's Basilica (top) and the recognition of the new Pope as he sits upon the High Altar in St. Peter's Basilica (bottom).
    Subject - Time Period
    Eighteenth century
    Date Issued or Published
    1769
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    A pair of woodcuts with captions depicting the newly elected Pope being carried from the Sistine Chapel to St. Peter's Basilica (top) and the recognition of the new Pope as he sits upon the High Altar in St. Peter's Basilica (bottom).
  • A pair of woodcuts with captions depicting the Cardinal Camerlengo retrieving the Ring of the Fisherman from the body of the deceased Pope (top) and the sealing of the Papal office and destruction of the deceased Pope's seal (bottom).
    Still image

    The Cardinal Camerlengo retrieving the Ring of the Fisherman and the Destruction of the Papal Seal

    A pair of woodcuts with captions depicting the Cardinal Camerlengo retrieving the Ring of the Fisherman from the body of the deceased Pope (top) and the sealing of the Papal office and destruction of the deceased Pope's seal (bottom).
    Subject - Time Period
    Eighteenth century
    Date Issued or Published
    1769
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    A pair of woodcuts with captions depicting the Cardinal Camerlengo retrieving the Ring of the Fisherman from the body of the deceased Pope (top) and the sealing of the Papal office and destruction of the deceased Pope's seal (bottom).
  • A woodcut depicting the newly elected Pope being crowned befored the gathered Cardinals.
    Still image

    The Crowning of the Pope

    A woodcut depicting the newly elected Pope being crowned befored the gathered Cardinals.
    Subject - Time Period
    Eighteenth century
    Date Issued or Published
    1769
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    A woodcut depicting the newly elected Pope being crowned befored the gathered Cardinals.
  • A woodcut depicting two angels announcing the destruction of Babylon and dropping a millstone into the sea while the city itself is seen in flames below. The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.
    Still image

    The Destruction of Babylon

    Cranach, Lucas, 1472-1553
    A woodcut depicting two angels announcing the destruction of Babylon and dropping a millstone into the sea while the city itself is seen in flames below. The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.
    Subject - Time Period
    Sixteenth century
    Date Issued or Published
    1522
    Collection
    Richard C. Kessler Reformation Collection
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    A woodcut depicting two angels announcing the destruction of Babylon and dropping a millstone into the sea while the city itself is seen in flames below. The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.
  • A woodcut depicting an angel locking the dragon, which represents Satan, into a bottomless pit to be bound for a thousand years. The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.
    Still image

    The Dragon Thrown into the Bottomless Pit

    Cranach, Lucas, 1472-1553
    A woodcut depicting an angel locking the dragon, which represents Satan, into a bottomless pit to be bound for a thousand years. The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.
    Subject - Time Period
    Sixteenth century
    Date Issued or Published
    1522
    Collection
    Richard C. Kessler Reformation Collection
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    A woodcut depicting an angel locking the dragon, which represents Satan, into a bottomless pit to be bound for a thousand years. The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.
  • A pair of woodcuts with captions depicting the cardinals entering the conclave (top) and two examples (one complete and one with the framing) of the temporary rooms set up to house the cardinals during the conclave (bottom).
    Still image

    The Entry to the Conclave and the Temporary Rooms

    A pair of woodcuts with captions depicting the cardinals entering the conclave (top) and two examples (one complete and one with the framing) of the temporary rooms set up to house the cardinals during the conclave (bottom).
    Subject - Time Period
    Eighteenth century
    Date Issued or Published
    1769
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    A pair of woodcuts with captions depicting the cardinals entering the conclave (top) and two examples (one complete and one with the framing) of the temporary rooms set up to house the cardinals during the conclave (bottom).
  • A woodcut depicting the release of the locusts from a bottomless pit by a star following the sounding of the Fifth Trumpet. The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.
    Still image

    The Fifth Trumpet

    Cranach, Lucas, 1472-1553
    A woodcut depicting the release of the locusts from a bottomless pit by a star following the sounding of the Fifth Trumpet. The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.
    Subject - Time Period
    Sixteenth century
    Date Issued or Published
    1522
    Collection
    Richard C. Kessler Reformation Collection
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    A woodcut depicting the release of the locusts from a bottomless pit by a star following the sounding of the Fifth Trumpet. The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.
  • A woodcut depictng God and seven angels with trumpets (top), hail and fire falling into the sea (bottom left), and a burning mountain falling into the sea (bottom right). The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.
    Still image

    The First Four Trumpets

    Cranach, Lucas, 1472-1553
    A woodcut depictng God and seven angels with trumpets (top), hail and fire falling into the sea (bottom left), and a burning mountain falling into the sea (bottom right). The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.
    Subject - Time Period
    Sixteenth century
    Date Issued or Published
    1522
    Collection
    Richard C. Kessler Reformation Collection
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    A woodcut depictng God and seven angels with trumpets (top), hail and fire falling into the sea (bottom left), and a burning mountain falling into the sea (bottom right). The image appears in the September Testament, Martin Luther's first printing of his German New Testament.
  • A pair of woodcuts with captions depicting the initial meeting of the Cardinals before the official conclave (top) and the Mass of the Holy Ghost preceeding the Papal conclave (bottom).
    Still image

    The First Meeting of Cardinals and the Mass of the Holy Spirit

    A pair of woodcuts with captions depicting the initial meeting of the Cardinals before the official conclave (top) and the Mass of the Holy Ghost preceeding the Papal conclave (bottom).
    Subject - Time Period
    Eighteenth century
    Date Issued or Published
    1769
    Copyright
    NO COPYRIGHT - UNITED STATES
    A pair of woodcuts with captions depicting the initial meeting of the Cardinals before the official conclave (top) and the Mass of the Holy Ghost preceeding the Papal conclave (bottom).
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